Inheritance + bio resources Flashcards
NS STANDARD Q
- NS
- Variation
- Mutation
- Survive
- Reproduce
- Pass on allele
Test for genetic diseases..
- DNA test
- Pedigree
Dominant allele
Only needs one copy of allele to be expressed (heterozygous)
Mitosis produces and used in…
- 2 diploid daughter cells
- Growth + repair
- Asexual reproduction
- Only sexual for embryo
Meiosis produces + uses
- 4 haploid daughter sex cells + gametes
- Sexual reproduction
GM standard question
- DNA taken out of human cell
- Use restriction enzyme to cut out gene
- Use restriction enzyme to cut out gene of plasmid of BC
- Insert gene into plasmid and join ends of DNA - using ligase enzyme
- Put reombinant plasmind into VECTOR to divide
- Transgenic organism
Benefits of using GM - 3
- bacteria can make human medicines
- possible cure for genetic diseases
- produce crops producing their own pesticides
Cons of GM
- GM plants might harm wildlife
- effect on human health of GM unknown
- dangerous mutations
- Ethical issues
Biological control benefits:
- No need to reapply
- No bioaccumlation
- No risk of resisitance
Use of liquid paraffin and potassium hydroxide/sodium hydroxide
- Block out oxygen
- Removes carbon dioxide
Yeast…
- Fungi
- Stores glycogen in cytoplasm
- Uses anerobic repiraton
- carbon dioxide bubbles = bread rises
Lactobacillus
- Bacteria used to make yogurt
- Breaks down lactose to lactic acid
How to remove oxygen from solution
- Use oil to remove oxygen from solution
advantages of pestecides
- Quick + efficent
- Can kill entire population
Cons of using pesticides
- Causes bioaccumalation
- Risk of pests building resistance
- need to reapply
define genome, gene and chromosome + allele
- entire DNA of organism
- section of DNA that codes for a specific protein
- found in nucleus + made of long strands of DNA
- different versions of a gene
explain antibiotic resistance to bacteria
- advantageous genes for bacteria
- can become prominent in population quickly.
- exposure to antibiotics = selection pressure
how to control temp in fermenter
- cooling jacket
- temperature recorder/thermometer
why must temp be controlled in a fermenter
- respiration produces heat
- enzymes denature if past optimum
purpose of paddles in fermenter
- distributing oxygen
- distributing heat
- distributing nutrients
Conditions beside temp to control in fermenter
- pH for enzymes
- oxygen for respiration
what do fermenters produce
- insulin
- penicilin
- antibiotics
why do you need to cool the yogurt after heating
- prevent enzyme denaturation
- of bacteria
