Inhalation Anesthetics

Question 1

4 effects of inhalants

Answer 1

1. Produces unconsciousness at appropriate concentrations;
2. Depression of CNS;
3. Muscle relaxation;
4. Analgesia during unconsciousness

Question 2

3 ways to deliver inhalants

Answer 2

1. ET tube (inhalant+O2);
2. Mask;
3. Induction chamber

Question 3

How are inhalants eliminated?

Answer 3

they are eliminated by the lungs on exhale, and have minimal metabolism

Question 4

Advantages of inhalants

Answer 4

Provide analgesia by creating unconsciousness;

Duration time is not an issue

Question 5

Disadvantages of inhalants

Answer 5

Special equipment is needed;
Technicians must be knowledgeable;
Staff may be more often exposed to inhalants;
More expensive than injectables

Question 6

What is the max exposure of inhalants for people?

Answer 6

no more than 2ppm

Question 7

This control of depth allows the dials to be set HIGH bc greater concentrations are required due to low concentration in the blood and tissues

Answer 7

Induction

Question 8

This control of depth allows the dials to be adjusted to LOWER concentrations once the blood and tissue are saturated

Answer 8

Maintenance

Question 9

This control of depth allows the dials to be TURNED OFF in order to reverse anesthetic effects and the agent is simply exhaled off

Answer 9

Recovery

Question 10

What colored cylinder is oxygen stored in?

Answer 10

Green cylinder (varies in size)

Question 11

This is a “carrier gas” and must be provided in order for the inhalant to be delivered to the patient

Answer 11

Oxygen

Question 12

O2 thanks are attached to the machine by using a what?

Answer 12

Yoke

Question 13

How many liters of capacity does E tanks have? H tanks?

Answer 13

700L;

7000L

Question 14

What should be included when you’re maintaining the oxygen tank?

Answer 14

Tanks should be marked fully(empty/in use);
Back-up tanks should be available;
Tanks should NOT be changed during surgery

Question 15

The oxygen tank should be changed when the psi is below what?

Answer 15

500 psi

Question 16

This WAS the most widely used anesthetic bc of several desirable characteristics

Answer 16

Diethyl Ether

Question 17

Diethyl Ether:

Answer 17

Min heart/resp effects; good muscle relaxation/analgesia; tracheal irritant; prolonged induction/recovery; post-op nausea/V+; flammable and explosive

Question 18

What are the 2 most common halogenated compounds

Answer 18

Isoflurane; Sevoflurane

Question 19

Rate of diffusion depends on what 2 things:

Answer 19

lipid solubility; concentration gradient

Question 20

Advantages and Disadvantages of using a mask for delivery:

Answer 20

A: Easy if animal is docile/calm
D: Cant do, if airways exist; cant effectively ventilate patient; waste more gas

Question 21

Advantages and Disadvantages of using an induction chamber:

Answer 21

A: You dont have to handle the animal
D: Cant monitor well; excessive wasting of gas; size limitation of the patient

Question 22

Advantages and Disadvantages of using intubation:

Answer 22

A: Have an airway to ventilate and greater depth control exists; protects against aspiration; Waste less gas
D: Requires skill to perform

Question 23

Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, Desoflurane all undergo MIN or MAX liver metabolism?

Answer 23

minimal liver metabolism

Question 24

If an agent has a high lipid solubility, it will accumulate in what?

Answer 24

body fat

Question 25

What are common side effects on organ systems?

Answer 25

Hypotension;
Reversible CNS depression;
Vasodilation/decreased BP;

Question 26

Is it acceptable to combine inhalants in the same vaporizer?

Answer 26

NO, but it is ok to switch from one inhalant to another