Inhalants

Question 1

Inhalants were popular in what country?

Answer 1

Ancient Greece

Question 2

In the US where was inhalants first noted?

Answer 2

California

Question 3

Reasons for popularity of inhalants

Answer 3

• rapid onset
• quality of high
• low cost
• easy availability
• convenient packaging
• legal

Question 4

What type of inhalant is very commonly missed?

Answer 4

butane lighter, refill canister, propane canister

• aliphatic hydrocarbon

Question 5

What type of inhalant is gasoline?

Answer 5

aliphatic hydrocarbons
toluene
xylene
aromatic hydrocarbon

Question 6

What type of inhalant are room odorizes?

Answer 6

nitrites

Question 7

Bagging inhalants

Answer 7

inhaled from paper or plastic bag

Question 8

Sniffing inhalants

Answer 8

agent is inhaled directly from container or sprayed into nose/mouth

Question 9

Stages of acute intoxication of inhalants

Answer 9

• excitation (euphoria, sneezing, coughing)
• CNS depression (confused, disoriented)
• marked CNS depression (ataxia)
• stupor (seizures)

Question 10

Chronic misuse of inhalants

• psychosocial complications

Answer 10

• failure in school
• delinquency
• depression
• poor adjustment to societal stress
• more likely to misuse other substances

Question 11

chronic misuse of inhalants

• organic complications

Answer 11

• diffuse CNS disease
• cerebellar disease
• peripheral neuropathy

Question 12

Addictive properties of inhalants

Answer 12

• rarely produce physical manifestations of withdrawal
• psychological dependence
• tolerance in sniffers (3 months of weekly usage)

Question 13

Treatment of inhalants

Answer 13

• stabilization
• fresh air
• cardiac monitoring
• evaluation
• electrolytes
• ID solvent and screen for complications
• renal and liver function tests

Question 14

What works for prevention of inhalants?

Answer 14

• school based curriculum beginning in kidergarten

Question 15

What doesn’t work in prevention of inhalants?

Answer 15

supply reduction

• limiting availability
• adding noxious chemicals
• reformulation product without solvent
• warning labels
• laws

Question 16

Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents

Answer 16

xylene
toluene
benzene

Question 17

Manifestations of aromatic hydrocarbons

Answer 17

euphoria
excitement
dizziness
confusion
lacrimation
headache
nervousness

Question 18

chronic use of toluene syndromes

Answer 18

• GI: n&v, abd pain, hematemesis
• muscle weakness
• neuropsychiatric: altered mental state
• metabolic acidosis

Question 19

Aliphatic hydrocarbons

Answer 19

• butane: narcotic-like properties

- gasoline: act as anesthetics (mixture saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons)

Question 20

15-20 breaths of gasoline produce intoxication for how long?

Answer 20

3-6 hours within 3-5 minutes

Question 21

Symptoms of nitrous oxide

Answer 21

floating sensation
euphoria
visual hallucinations
coma
respiratory depression
seizures

Question 22

What were nitrites popular for?

Answer 22

gay population as sphincter relaxant

enhance orgasm