Inguinal Canal Flashcards
Inguinal ligament borders:
Inferior border of external oblique aponeurosis.
Attaches to the ASIS and pubic tubercle.
Conjoint tendon (Inguinal falx)
Combined aponeurosis of inferior/medial margins of internal oblique and transversus abdominal muscle inserting into the pubis.
Superficial ring
External opening within aponeurosis for spermatic cord or round ligament.
Crural fibers (3)
Medial crus
Lateral crus
Intercrural fibers
Lacunar ligament
Ligament between pubic rami and Inguinal l.
Anchors Inguinal ligament to pubis.
Pectineal ligament
Continuation of fibers from lacunar ligament running along pectin pubis.
Deep Inguinal ring
Entrance to Inguinal canal and beginning of the invagination of peritoneum into transversalis fascia.
Superior to Inguinal ligament and lateral to inferior epigastric a.
What passes thru the deep Inguinal ring?
Vas deferens and gonadal vessels/nerves in males.
Round ligament in females.
Superficial Inguinal ring
Where spermatic cord or round ligament exit from the canal.
Abdominal layers - superficial to deep (6)
External oblique aponeurosis Internal oblique m. Transversus abdominis m. Transversalis fascia Parietal peritoneum Inguinal l.
Iliopubic tract
Thickening of transversalis fascia running posterior to Inguinal l.
Iliohypogastric n. (L1) function
Motor to abdominal ms. (IO and TA)
Sensory to skin above pubis.
Ilioinguinal n. (L1) function
Motor to abdominals (IO and TA)
Skin over upper/medial thigh and skin at root of penis/clitoris and anterior scrotum/labia.
Genital branch of the genitofemoral n. (L1, L2) function
Motor to cremasteric m.
Sensory to small part of medial thigh and scrotal/labial fascia.
Gonadal descent (4)
Gonads form near T10 axial level.
Gonads are connected to future scrotal swellings by gubernaculum.
Descent along with processes vaginalis into future scrotum.
Connection to peritoneum closed. Tunica vaginalis represents the remains of processes vaginalis around the testes.
Which layers of the abdominal will become spermatic cord? (3)
Transversalis fascia
Internal oblique m.
External oblique m.
Processus vaginalis
Evagination of peritoneal cavity.
Communication usually closes within 1 year postnatal.
Cryptorchid testes
Undescended testes. Increases risk of developing testicular cancer.
How is the spermatic cord formed?
The gonad herniates from abdomen (along with its blood supply and vas deferens) and carries layers of the abdominal wall w/ it.
External oblique muscle becomes:
External spermatic fascia
Internal oblique muscle becomes:
Cremasteric muscle
Transversalis fascia becomes:
Internal spermatic fascia
Testicular varicocele
From varicosities of pampiniform plexus.
Swelling in scrotum w/ dull and recurrent scrotal pain.
Persistent processus vaginalis
Patent connection between tunica vaginalis and abdomen.
