Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Layers of anterior abdominal wall (superficial, 2)

Answer 1

Superficial fatty layer: Campers

Deep membranous layer: Scarpa’s

Question 2

Layers of anterior abdominal wall (deep, 6)

Answer 2

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus
Transversals fat
Extraperitoneal fat
Parietal peritoneum

Question 3

Rectus sheath - above arcuate line
Anterior
Posterior

Answer 3

A: External oblique m., internal oblique m.
P: Internal oblique m., transversus abdominis m., transversals fascia.

Question 4

Rectus sheath - below arcuate line

Answer 4

A: External oblique m., internal oblique m., transversus abdominis m.
P: Transversalis fascia

Question 5

Thoracoabdominal nerve roots

Answer 5

T7-T11

Question 6

Cutaneous branches (lateral and anterior) of subcostal nerve roots

Answer 6

T12

Question 7

Iliohypogastric nerve root

Answer 7

L1

Question 8

Ilio-inguinal nerve root

Answer 8

L1

Question 9

Midline incision

Answer 9

From xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

Question 10

Subcostal incision

Answer 10

Parallel to, but 2.5 cm inferior of costal margin.

Question 11

Subrapubic incision

Answer 11

At pubic hairline. Horizontal w/ slight convexity.

Question 12

Paramedian incision

Answer 12

From costal margin to iliac crest along lines semilunaris.

Question 13

Superficial Lymphatics (3)

Answer 13

Axillary LNs
Parasternal LNs
Superficial Inguinal LNs

Question 14

Deep Lymphatics (3)

Answer 14

External iliac LNs
Common iliac LNs
Lumbar LNs

Question 15

Structures of the internal abdominal surface (6)

Answer 15

Median UF
Medial UFs
Lateral UFs

Supravesical fossae
Medial Inguinal fossae
Lateral Inguinal fossae

Question 16

3 main characteristics of prune belly syndrome

Answer 16

Anterior abdominal wall muscles are deficient/absent
Urinary tract anomalies (enlarged bladder, etc)
BL cryptorchidism (undescended testicles)

Question 17

Xiphsternal junction

Landmark and vertebral level

Answer 17

7th cc

T9

Question 18

Midway of RA m.

Landmark and vertebral level

Answer 18

8th cc

T11

Question 19

Transpyloric plane

Landmark and vertebral level

Answer 19

9th cc

L1

Question 20

Subcostal plane

Landmark and vertebral level

Answer 20

10th cc

L3

Question 21

Supracristal plane

Landmark and vertebral level

Answer 21

Crest if ilium

L4

Question 22

Interspinous plane

Landmark and vertebral level

Answer 22

ASIS

L5

Question 23

Suprapubic plane location

Answer 23

Below vertebral column.

Question 24

Liposuction comes from:

Answer 24

Camper’s fascia

Question 25

External oblique m. forms:

Answer 25

The inguinal l. from a lower free margin of its aponeurosis.

Question 26

Internal oblique m. forms:

Answer 26

Cremaster m.

Question 27

Between which structures does the neurovasculature run?

Answer 27

IO m. and TA m.

Question 28

Conjoint t. comes from:

Answer 28

IO m. and TA m.

Question 29

Pyramidalis m. function

Answer 29

Tenses linea alba. | Attaches to pubic crest and exists in a rectus sheath.

Question 30

Which arteries anastomose?

Answer 30

Superior and inferior epigastric as.

Question 31

Iliohypogastric a. and Ilioinguinal a. are bifurcations from:

Answer 31

L1