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Esthetics > Ingredients,chemistry,skin care products and selection > Flashcards

Ingredients,chemistry,skin care products and selection Flashcards

1
Q

Berry rich in antioxidants, vitamins A,B,C, and E; protects,replenishes; helps heal damaged skin

A

Açaí berry

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2
Q

Surfactants that cause oil and water to mix and form an emulsion; an ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend

A

Emulsifiers

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3
Q

As defined by the U.S. food and drug administration(FDA): articles that are intended to be rubbed,poured,sprinkled, or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing,beautifying,promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance

A

Cosmetics

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4
Q

Products with chemical agents used to dissolve dead skin cells and the intercellular matrix,or “ glue”, that holds them together ( desmosomes)

A

Chemical exfoliants

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5
Q

Therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils for beauty and health treatment purposes; involves the use of highly concentrated,non oily, and volatile essential oils to induce such reactions as relaxation and invigoration,or to simply create a pleasant fragrance during a service

A

Aromatherapy

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6
Q

Mineral physical sunscreen ingredient that reflects UVA and UVB rays; also used to protect,soothe, and heal the skin; is somewhat astringent,antiseptic, and anti microbial

A

Zinc oxide

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7
Q

A product that is labeled vegan should not contain any animal ingredients or animal by products

A

Vegan

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8
Q

Extracted from the bark of the hamanelis shrub; can be a soothing agent or,in higher concentrations, an astringent

A

Witch hazel

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9
Q

Spreading agents and ingredients that carry or deliver other ingredients into the skin and make them more effective

A

Vehicles

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10
Q

Mixable with water

A

Water soluble

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11
Q

Properties include enhancing the penetrative abilities of other substances; anti inflammatory,antiseptic, and deodorizing action that protects the skin’s surface and helps maintain healthy skin

A

Urea

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12
Q

Seaweed derivatives such as algae have many nourishing properties; known for its humectant and moisturizing properties, vitamin content, metabolism stimulation and detoxification, and aiding skin firmness

A

Seaweed

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13
Q

Chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules ( monomers) into long chain like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin’s surface at a microscopically controlled rate

A

Polymers

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14
Q

All purpose preservative active against bacteria,mold, and yeast. Probably the greatest formaldehyde releaser among cosmetic preservatives; may cause dermatitis and allergies

A

Quaternium 15

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15
Q

Abbreviated SPF; indicates the ability of a product to delay sun induced erythema,the visible sign of sun damage; the SPF rating is based only on UVB protection, not UVA exposure

A

Sun protection factor

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16
Q

Products formulated to have no smell; because most ingredients in a formulation do have an odor,more ingredients have to be added to neutralize the smell

A

Unscented

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17
Q

Plasticizers used in skin care formulas to moisturize and soften skin, and to dissolve or blend ingredients

A
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18
Q

Ingredients derived from yeast cells that help strengthen the immune system and stimulate metabolism; hydrophilic and help preserve and protect collagen and elastin

A

Polyglucans

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19
Q

Also known as fresheners or astringents; liquids designed to tone and tighten the skins surface

A

Toners

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20
Q

Derived from plants to protect or stimulate our own skin stem cells; health and anti aging benefits

A

Plant stem cells

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21
Q

Reduces the activity of oil glands and dissolves the skin’s surface layer of dry,dead cells; commonly used in acne products

A

Sulfur

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22
Q

Chemical agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms in cosmetic formulations; they kill bacteria and prevent products from spoiling

A

Preservatives

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23
Q

Natural form of vitamin A; stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by generating new cells

A
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24
Q

Beta hydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties; natural sources include sweet birch,willow bark, and wintergreen

A

Salicylic acid

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25
Q

Concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and treat various skin conditions

A

Serums

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26
Q

Baking soda; an alkaline inorganic salt used as a buffering agent,neutralizer, and pH adjuster

A

Sodium bicarbonate

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27
Q

Emollient ingredient derived from petroleum sources

A

Petrolatum

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28
Q

Acids or alkalis (bases) used adjust the pH of products

A

PH adjusters

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29
Q

Derived from olives; desensitizes and nourishes; an emollient

A

Squalane

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30
Q

Soothing and antiseptic; antifungal properties

A

Tea tree oil

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31
Q

Inorganic physical sunscreen that reflects UV radiation

A

Titanium dioxide

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32
Q

One of the most commonly used groups of preservatives in the cosmetic,pharmaceutical, and food industries; provide bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity against diverse organisms

A

Parabens

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33
Q

Also known as pack or masque; concentrated treatment product often composed of herbs,vitamins, minerals clay,moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, beneficial extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse,exfoliate, tighten,tone,hydrate, and nourish and treat the skin

A

Mask

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34
Q

One of the most frequently used preservatives because of its very low sensitizing potential; combats bacteria and molds; noncomedogenic

A

Methylparaben

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35
Q

Chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblasts,cell metabolism,collagen; improve skin’s firmness. Larger chains are called polypeptides

A

Peptides

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36
Q

Mask used to warm the skin and promote penetration of ingredients through the heat trapped under the surface of the paraffin

A

Paraffin wax masks

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37
Q

Closed lipid bilateral spheres that encapsulate ingredients,target their delivery to specific tissues of the skin, and control their release

A

Liposomes

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38
Q

“Smell” receptors in the nose that communicate with parts of the brain that serve as storehouses for emotions and memories

A

Olfactory nerve

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39
Q

Ingredients in cosmetic products that cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin

A

Performance ingredients

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40
Q

Also known as thermal masks or thermal heat masks; facial masks containing special crystals of gypsum, a plaster like ingredient

A

Modelage masks

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41
Q

Derived from the oil palm tree; one of the fattiest and heaviest oils used as an emollient

A

Palm oil

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42
Q

Term used to describe natural sourced ingredients that are grown without the use of pesticides or chemicals

A

Organic

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43
Q

Colors that are organic,meaning they come from animal or plant extracts; they can also be natural mineral pigments

A

Noncertified colors

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44
Q

Terms often used in marketing for skin care products and ingredients derived from natural sources

A

Natural,all natural

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45
Q

Fats or fat like substances; lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin

A

Lipids

46
Q

Anti- irritant used for sensitive skin; helps lighten pigmentation

A

Licorice

47
Q

Emollient ingredient derived from petroleum sources

A

Liquid paraffin

48
Q

Coats the skin and reduces friction; mineral oil is a lubricant

A

Lubricant

49
Q

Products used as a physical method of polishing dead cells off the skin

A

Mechanical exfoliants

50
Q

Lubricant derived from petroleum

A

Mineral oil

51
Q

Products formulated to add moisture to the skin

A

Moisturizers

52
Q

Compatible with oil

A

Oil soluble

53
Q

Natural enzyme used for exfoliation and in enzyme peels

A

Papaya

54
Q

Ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread,give them body and texture, and give them a specific form such as a lotion,cream, or gel; preservatives are also functional ingredients

A

Functional ingredients

55
Q

Formed by a decomposition of oils or fats; excellent skin softener and humectant; very strong water binder; sweet,colorless,oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams

A

Glycerin

56
Q

This term indicates that no additional ingredients have been added to a product to specifically provide a fragrance; however, it may already contain ingredients that have a scent

A

Fragrance free

57
Q

Hundreds of different herbs that contain phytohormones are used in skin care products and cosmetics; they heal,stimulate,soothe, and moisturize

A

Herbs

58
Q

Toners,skin freshening lotions, and liquids applied after cleansing to soothe and hydrate

A

Fresheners

59
Q

Skin conditioning agents derived from carbohydrates and proteins that enhance cellular metabolism and wound healing

A

Glycoproteins

60
Q

Powerful antioxidant and soothing agents; antibacterial, anti inflammatory, skin brightening, and a stimulant

A

Green tea

61
Q

Substances from plants such as chamomile,aloe,plant stem cells, and botanical oils that help to heal the skin

A

Healing botanicals

62
Q

Ingredients that attract water; humectants draw moisture to the skin and soften its surface, diminishing lines caused by dehydration

A

Humectants

63
Q

Oil widely used in cosmetics;extracted from the bean like seeds of a desert shrub; used as a lubricant and noncomedogenic emollient and moisturizer

A

Jojoba

64
Q

Emollient with moisturizing properties; also,an emulsifier with high water absorption

A

Lanolin

65
Q

Antiallergenic,anti inflammatory,antiseptic,antibacterial,balancing,energizing,soothing, and healing

A

Lavender

66
Q

Skin brightening agent

A

Kojic acid

67
Q

Also known as roll off mask; enzyme exfoliating makes that are rubbed off the skin

A

Gommage

68
Q

Give products their scent

A

Fragrances

69
Q

Emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols

A

Fatty esters

70
Q

Emollients; fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen

A

Fatty alcohols

71
Q

Derived from hemp seed,very light botanical oil used as an emollient

A

Hemp seed oil

72
Q

Ingredients that attract water to the skin’s surface

A

Hydrators

73
Q

Ingredients that attract water to the skins surface

A

Hydrophilic agents

74
Q

Refers to ingredients or products that may be less likely to cause allergic reactions

A

Hypoallergenic

75
Q

Agent that causes exfoliation,or sloughing, of skin cells

A

Keratolytic

76
Q

Insoluble pigments made by combining a dye with an inorganic material

A

Lakes

77
Q

Oils derived from herbs; have many different properties and effects on the skin and psyche

A

Essential oils

78
Q

Term used to describe high quality products or ingredients intended to improve the skin’s health and appearance

A

Cosmeceutical

79
Q

Oil absorbing purifying masks made with a clay base( such as kaolin or bentonite) that draw impurities to the surface of the skin as they dry and tighten

A

Clay masks

80
Q

Term used to describe products that are not tested on animals at any stage of the production process; nor are any of its ingredients tested on animals

A

Cruelty free

81
Q

Emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats

A

Fatty acids

82
Q

Derived from coconut,one of the fattiest and heaviest oils used as an emollient

A

Coconut oil

83
Q

Provide gentle exfoliation and dissolve keratin proteins within dead skin cells on the surface

A

Enzymes (for exfoliations)

84
Q

A chemical added to cosmetics to improve the efficiency of the preservative

A

Chelating agents

85
Q

Powerful antioxidant that protects and revitalizes skin cells

A

Coenzyme Q10

86
Q

Substances such as vegetable,pigment,or mineral dyes that give products color

A

Color agents

87
Q

Soap or detergent that cleans the skin

A

Cleanser

88
Q

Systems that deliver ingredients to specific tissues of the epidermis

A

Delivery systems

89
Q

Type of surfactant used as cleanser in skin cleansing products

A

Detergents

90
Q

Oil or fatty ingredients that lubricant,moisturize, and prevent water loss

A

Emollients

91
Q

Mechanical and chemical products or processes used to exfoliate the skin

A

Exfoliants

92
Q

Peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of skin

A

Exfoliation

93
Q

Plant extract with calming and soothing properties

A

Chamomile

94
Q

Often seaweed based mask applied after a serum or treatment cream. They come in powder form and are mixed with water or serums, and dry to form a rubberized texture

A

Alginate

95
Q

Abbreviated AHAH; derived naturally from various plant sources and from milk; used for improving signs of aging,dry skin, and an uneven skin tone

A

Alpha hydroxy acids

96
Q

Antiseptic and solvent used in perfumes,lotions, and astringents; specially denatured(SD) alcohol is a mixture of ethanol with a denaturing agent

A

Alcohol

97
Q

Derived from the chamomile plant and characterized by its deep blue color; has anti inflammatory and soothing properties

A

Azulene

98
Q

Inorganic color agents also known as metal salts; listed on ingredient labels as D&C ( drug and cosmetic)

A

Certified colors

99
Q

Seaweed derivatives used as thickening agents,water binding agents, and antioxidants also nourishes the skin with vitamins and minerals

A

Algae

100
Q

Small, sealed vial containing a single application of highly concentrated serum of extracts in water or oil base

A

Ampoules

101
Q

Abbreviated BHAS; exfoliating organic acid; salicylic acid; milder than alpha hydroxy acids ( AHAS); BHAS dissolve oil and are beneficial for oily skin

A

Beta hydroxy acids

102
Q

Ingredients used in anti aging cosmetics to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by stimulating the formation of collagen

A

Beta glucans

103
Q

Derived from the root of the comfrey plant,helps to soften and protect while actively soothing skin

A

Allantoin

104
Q

Derived from the kernels of the argan tree; very light botanical oil used as an emollient

A

Argan oil

105
Q

Ingredient with antibacterial properties commonly used to treat inflamed acne lesions

A

Benzoyl peroxide

106
Q

Popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations; emollient and humectant with hydrating,softening,healing, anti microbial, and anti inflammatory properties

A

Aloe Vera

107
Q

A natural molecule found in every cell in the body it is a powerful antioxidant and is soluble in water and oil

A

Alpha lipoic acid

108
Q

Ingredients used to thicken cream frequently used in gel products

A

Carbomers

109
Q

Describes products that do not contain any water

A

Anhydrous

110
Q

Also called toners, these liquids help remove excess oil on the skin

A

Astringents

111
Q

Ingredients derived from plants

A

Botanicals

112
Q

Anti inflammatory plant extract

A

Calendula

Esthetics (6 decks)

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