Anatomy 🥼 Flashcards
Forearm bone on pinky side
Ulna
Forearm bone on thumb side
Radius
Belly
Middle part of muscle
twelve pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax
Ribs
Biceps
Muscle producing the contour of the front & inner side of upper arm
Nerve in autonomic nervous system that is located in abdominal cavity
Vagus Nerve
thick muscular and flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the capillaries throughout the body
Arteries
Triceps
large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearm
Heart
muscular cone-shaped organ that keeps blood moving around circulatory system
Hyoid Bone
U-Shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue muscle
oval, bony case that protects the brain
Cranium
help regulate immune response and identify molecules with foreign peptides
T cells
located in the dermis and supply nourishment within the skin and remove wastes
Lymph vessels
structure that connects spinal cord to the brain
Brain stem
Clavicle
bone that attaches sternum to the scapula
also called collarbone
Diaphragm
muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing
dilation of blood vessels
Vasodilation
The study of human structure, how the body parts are organized, and the science of the structure or organisms or of their parts
Anatomy
Also known as the wrist; a flexible joint composed of eight small, irregular bones, (carpals), held together by ligaments
Carpus
Tiny, thin walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the veins. These bring in nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials.
Capillaries
The body’s largest artery, the arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body
Aorta
A sensory motor nerve that,with its branches,supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand
Radial nerve
Cells dividing into two identical cells(daughter cells); the normal process of cell reproduction of human tissues
Mitosis
Also known as microscopic anatomy; the study of the structure and composition of tissue
Histology
When muscles move to pull the body part toward the core of the body,such as when the biceps of the arm are activated toward the body
Flexion
When muscles straighten. When the wrist,hand, and fingers form a straight line,for example
Extension
Also known as phalanges; the bones in the fingers,three in each finger and two in each thumb,totaling 14 bones
Digits
Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
Cell membrane
Part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium; largest and most complex nerve tissue; controls sensation,muscles,grandular activity
Brain
Groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more. The human body is composed of 11 major systems
Body systems
One of the organs which supports the excretory system by eliminating water and waste products
Kidneys
Body system consisting of the heart,arteries,veins, and capillaries for the distribution of blood throughout the body
Cardiovascular system
Small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries
Arterioles
Main organs of the respiratory system. Two of them,located on either side of the heart,take oxygen from the environment and transfer it to the bloodstream. They also exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide during a breath
Lungs
A gland in the abdominal cavity that secretes enzymes necessary for digestion,synthesizes proteins, and detoxifies the blood. It regulates sugar levels in the blood and helps with decomposition of red blood cells and produces hormones necessary for body functions
Liver
Nutritive fluid circulating through the cardiovascular system(heart,veins,arteries, and capillaries) to supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and remove carbon dioxide and waste from them
Blood
Tissue that contracts and moves various parts of the body
Muscle tissue
Also known as nerve cell; that make up the nerves,brain, and spinal cord and transmit nerve impulses
Neuron
External protective coating that covers the body; the body’s largest organ;acts as a barrier to protect body systems from the outside elements; part of the integumentary system
Skin
Also known as chest; consists of the sternum,ribs, and thoracic vertebrae; elastic,bony cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart,lungs, and other internal organs
Thorax
A sensory-motor nerve that,with its branches,affects the little-finger side of the arm and palm of the hand
Ulnar nerve
Thin-walled blood’s vessels that are less elastic than arteries; they contain cup like valves to prevent backflow and carry impure blood from the various capillaries back to the heart and lungs
Veins
Tubelike structures that transport blood to and from the heart, and to various tissues of the body; include arteries,arterioles,capillaries,venules, and veins
Blood vessels
Also known as accessory nerve; a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles
Eleventh cranial nerve
Also known as trifacial or trigeminal nerve; it is the chief sensory nerve of the face, and it serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that controls chewing. It has three branches
Fifth cranial nerve
Protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin,mucous membranes, and lining of the heart; digestive and respiratory organs; and glands
Epithelial tissue
Abbreviated ANS; the part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles;regulates the action of the smooth muscles,glands,blood vessels, and heart
Autonomic nervous system
Also known as the gastrointestinal system; responsible for changing food into nutrients and wastes; consists of the mouth,stomach,intestines,salivary and gastric glands, and other organs
Digestive system
Abbreviated CNS; cerebrospinal nervous system;consists of the brain,spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves
Central nervous system
Located at the side of the neck,affects the front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone
Cervical cutaneous nerve
The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column located in the neck region
Cervical vertebrae
Also known as the cardiovascular system; system that controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels
Circulatory system
Arteries that supply blood to the face,head, and neck located on either side of the neck,having an internal and external branch
Common carotid arteries
Fibrous tissue that binds together,protects, and supports the various parts of the body such as bone,cartilage, and tendons. Example of connective tissue are bone,cartilage,ligaments, tendons,blood,lymph, and fat
Connective tissue
Abbreviated DNA; the blueprint material of genetic information; contains all the information that controls the function of every living cell
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Lower jawbone; largest and strongest bone of the face
Mandible
Bone forming the forehead
Frontal bone
Smallest, most fragile,thin bones located in the front inside wall of the orbits( eye sockets)
Lacrimal bones
A solution that bathes and surrounds the cells and provides the cells with nutrients and a method of removing cell waste; the fluid contains components that are involved in blood clotting and wound healing
Interstitial fluid
Vein located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck
Internal jugular vein
Uppermost and largest bone in the arm,extending from the elbow to the shoulder
Humerus
Connection between two or more bones of the skeleton
Joint
Thin muscle that controls the eyelid and can be easily damaged during makeup application
Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
Responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste,also called the digestive system
Gastrointestinal system
Located at the side of the neck,affects the face,ears,neck, and parotid gland
Greater auricular nerve
Located in the back of the head,affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head
Greater occipital nerve
Secretions produced by one of the endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream or body fluid to another part of the body or a body organ, to stimulate functional activity or secretion, such as insulin,adrenaline, and estrogen
Hormones
Affects the skin of the lower eyelid,side of the nose,upper lip, and mouth
Infraorbital nerve
Affects the membrane and skin of the nose
Infratrochlear nerve
Affects the upper part of the face
Maxillary nerve
Form the upper jaw
Maxillae bones
Affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip
Mandible nerve
Affects the skin of the lower lip and chin
Mental nerve
Bones that form the bridge of the nose
Nasal bones
Muscle that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin
Mentalis
Affects the point and lower side of the nose
Nasal nerve
Two-part muscle that covers the nose
Nasalis muscle
Tissue that controls and coordinates all body functions
Nerve tissue
Back of the Epicranius; muscle that draws the scalp backward
Occipitalis
Ring muscle of the eye socket; closes the eyelid
Orbicularis oculi
Forms the sides of the eye socket
Sphenoid bone
Bones that form the sides and top of the cranium
Parietal bonds
The central part,core. In anatomy and histology, the dense,active protoplasm found in the center of a cell that acts as the genetic control center; it plays an important role in cell reproduction and metabolism
Nucleus
Hindmost bone of the skull,below the parietal bones; forms the back of the skull above the nape
Occipital bone
Muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movements of the arm
Pectoralis major and minor
Affects the skin of the forehead upper eyelids and interior portion of the scalp orbit eyeball and nasal passage
Ophthalmic nerve
Part of the muscle that does not move it is attached to the skeleton and is usually part of a skeletal muscle
Origin
Flat band around the upper and lower lips that compresses contracts puckers and wrinkles the lips
Orbicularis oris
Muscle that covers the bridge of the nose depresses the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose
Procerus
Sends the blood from the heart to the lungs to be purified then back to the heart again
Pulmonary circulation
Also known as breastbone; the flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
Sternum
Also known as shoulder blade; one of a pair of large,flat triangular bones of the shoulder
Scapula
Physical foundation of the body,composed of the bones and movable and immovable joints
Skeletal system
Portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain,extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk, and is protected by the spinal column
Spinal cord
Also known as facial nerve; the chief motor nerve of the face; emerges near the lower part of the ear and extends to the muscles of the neck
Seventh cranial nerve
Also known as lesser occipital nerve; located at the base of the skull,affects the scalp and muscles behind the ear
Smaller occipital nerve
Thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries; they contain cuplike valves to prevent backflow and carry impure blood from the various capillaries back to the heart and lungs
Veins
Bones forming the sides of the head in the ear region
Temporal bones
