Influenza - Ornelles

Question 1

Most common respiratory illness caused by RNA viruses (1st ___-___, 2nd ___) followed by DNA viruses (3rd - ___, 4th- ___)

Answer 1

• Most common respiratory illness caused by RNA viruses (1st picorna-rhino, 2nd RSV) followed by DNA viruses (3rd adeno, 4th parvo)

Question 2

• Other common respiratory illness caused by other paramyxoviruses (___influenza, ___pneumovirus), orthomyxovirus (influenza), coronavirus, and other picornaviruses (coxsackie)

Answer 2

• Other common respiratory illness caused by other paramyxoviruses (Parainfluenza, metapneumovirus), orthomyxovirus (influenza), coronavirus, and other picornaviruses (coxsackie)

Question 3

• Influenza A structure: membrane HA (attaches to cell __ acid in protected pocket, proteolytic cleavage permits exposure of the fusion peptide, determines tropism and pathogenicity) and NA (cleaves ___ acid, receptor destroyed to relase virions) anchored on the inside by M1 (matrix protein), M2 ion channel for virus uncoating through H+ influx, and (-)ssRNA genome associated with a polymerase complex and nucleocaspid proteins

Answer 3

• Influenza A structure: membrane HA (attaches to cell sialic acid in protected pocket, proteolytic cleavage permits exposure of the fusion peptide, determines tropism and pathogenicity) and NA (cleaves sialic acid, receptor destroyed to relase virions) anchored on the inside by M1 (matrix protein), M2 ion channel for virus uncoating through H+ influx, and (-)ssRNA genome associated with a polymerase complex and nucleocaspid proteins

Question 4

• Replication cycle: Attachment via HAendocytosis into host cell with acidic pH promoting fusion with endosome via HA conformational changeuncoating with influx of H+ through M2 ion channel releasing genome from M1 proteinnuclear transport of segmented RNAgene expression + 5’ cap snatching (PB2 portion of RNA pol steals it from host, used as mRNA primer by PB1) splicing of mRNA yielding 8 segments and 10 proteins (7 & 8 spliced)genome replication by RNA polassembly of nucleocapsid + transport to PMbudding at PM mediated by NA

Answer 4

• Replication cycle: Attachment via HAendocytosis into host cell with acidic pH promoting fusion with endosome via HA conformational changeuncoating with influx of H+ through M2 ion channel releasing genome from M1 proteinnuclear transport of segmented RNAgene expression + 5’ cap snatching (PB2 portion of RNA pol steals it from host, used as mRNA primer by PB1) splicing of mRNA yielding 8 segments and 10 proteins (7 & 8 spliced)genome replication by RNA polassembly of nucleocapsid + transport to PMbudding at PM mediated by NA

Question 5

• ____ suppresses host gene expression (blocks polyA tail of mRNA) and antiviral IFN pathways

Answer 5

• NS1 suppresses host gene expression (blocks polyA tail of mRNA) and antiviral IFN pathways

Question 6

• Antiviral tx for influenza targets M2/uncoating (Amantadine, Rimantadine) and NA/virion release (Zanamivir, Oseltamivir)

Answer 6

• Antiviral tx for influenza targets M2/uncoating (Amantadine, Rimantadine) and NA/virion release (Zanamivir, Oseltamivir)

Question 7

• Antiviral tx for influenza targets M2/uncoating (Amantadine, Rimantadine) and NA/virion release (Zanamivir, Oseltamivir)

Answer 7

• Antiviral tx for influenza targets M2/uncoating (Amantadine, Rimantadine) and NA/virion release (Zanamivir, Oseltamivir)

Question 8

• Influenza is distinct from other respiratory illnesses: is a __ (not URI), presents with ___ onset of mild congestion, high fever, dry cough, and pronounced muscle aches lasting longer (3 days) and frequently leads to bacterial ___

Answer 8

• Influenza is distinct from other respiratory illnesses: is a MRI (not URI), presents with sudden onset of mild congestion, high fever, dry cough, and pronounced muscle aches lasting longer (3 days) and frequently leads to bacterial pneumonia

Question 9

• Influenza transmitted through aerosol dropletsrespiratory tract replicationdesquamation of mucociliary cells + immune cell and IFN response influenza syndrome

Answer 9

• Influenza transmitted through aerosol dropletsrespiratory tract replicationdesquamation of mucociliary cells + immune cell and IFN response influenza syndrome

Question 10

• WHO pandemic phases: animal infection (1-3)human to human (4)pandemic (5-6)post peak (recurrence possible)post pandemic (back to seasonal levels)

Answer 10

• WHO pandemic phases: animal infection (1-3)human to human (4)pandemic (5-6)post peak (recurrence possible)post pandemic (back to seasonal levels)

Question 11

• The 1918 pandemic influenza A replicated at lower temperatures which allowed it to replicate in the ___ and spread more easily by respiratory droplets

Answer 11

• The 1918 pandemic influenza A replicated at lower temperatures which allowed it to replicate in the URT and spread more easily by respiratory droplets

Question 12

• Parainfluenza is the #1 cause of __ (laryngotracheobronchitis) in infants, while RSV causes a common URI in adults and bronchitis/bronchiolitis & viral pneumonia in kids and elderly—no vaccines or antivirals for either

Answer 12

• Parainfluenza is the #1 cause of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) in infants, while RSV causes a common URI in adults and bronchitis/bronchiolitis & viral pneumonia in kids and elderly—no vaccines or antivirals for either

Question 13

• PI and RSV differ from influenza in attachment proteins (PI has ___, RSV has ___), the presence of fusion protein __, envelope fusion at the __, replicate in ____, do not have spliced mRNA, do not have a segmented genome, and do not display antigenic shift or drift

Answer 13

• PI and RSV differ from influenza in attachment proteins (PI has HN, RSV has G), the presence of fusion protein F, envelope fusion at the PM, replicate in cytoplasm, do not have spliced mRNA, do not have a segmented genome, and do not display antigenic shift or drift