Influencing Factors Flashcards
What is self concept?
The beliefs a person has about themselves
What does self concept include?
- self esteem
* body image
What is self esteem?
A persons beliefs about their own value
What is body image?
A persons beliefs about the appearance of their body
What factors affect self concept?
- life experiences
- age
- relationships
- gender
- culture
- education
- appearance
- sexual orientation
- emotional development
(LARGE CASE)
What is a way to remember the factors that affect self concept?
LARGE CASE
How do factors of self concept make people feel?
- successful or proud
- sense of achievement
- important
- high or low self esteem
- confident or comfortable
- optimistic or pessimistic
What types of factors can affect development?
- physical
- genetic
- social and emotional
- economic
- environmental
What physical factors affect development?
- genetic inheritance
- diet
- physical activity
- illness and disease
How can genetic inheritance affect development? (PIES)
P - height and weight affected by genes
I - Down’s syndrome, low levels of intellect
E - body shape which can affect self concept
S - autism, lack social skills
How can physical activity affect development? (PIES)
P - increase strength and stamina
I - improve concentration
E - feel content
S - bring people together and enable friendship
How can genetic factors affect development?
Factors affected by genes;
- skin colour
- eye colour
- height
Social and emotional factors that can affect development?
- gender
- relationships
- education
- work
- life experiences
Examples of how social and emotional factors can affect development? (PIES)
P - gender affects puberty
I - education affects development of language skills
E - unemployment increases depression
S - getting married means changes to social circle
Economic factors affecting development?
- income
* material possessions
Examples of how economic factors affect development? (PIES)
P - gym membership
I - children with books have more to learn from
E - money makes people feel secure, prevent money worry
S - can visit relatives abroad
Environmental factors affecting development?
- housing conditions
- pollution
- access to services
How can housing conditions affect development? (PIES)
P - lack of heating and dampness = illness
I - living space gives children chance to play, adults can study
E - overcrowding increases conflict and increase stress
S - high levels of crime make people scared to go out
How can pollution affect development? (PIES)
P - parks provide exercise and air pollution can increase respiratory infection
I - noise pollution, lack of sleep = tiredness and poor concentration
E - noisy neighbours causes stress
S - built up areas means more opportunity to socialise
Examples of genetic inheritance can affect development? (PIES)
P - growth rate, height, and weight
I - some children with Down’s syndrome have low levels of intelligence
E - body shape is influenced by genetics and can affect self-concept
S - children with autism often lack social skills
What are the two main reasons that we need food?
- to provide us with the chemicals we need to grow and repair the body
- to provide us with chemical energy to be able to move muscles
What are the necessary food components?
- carbohydrates
- fibre
- fats
- cholesterols
- proteins
- minerals
- vitamins
Examples of how diet can affect development? (PIES)
P - good diet enables growth. poor diet can lead to disease.
I - under-nourishment can slow development
E - obesity can lead to a negative body image
S - poor diet can reduce social contact if it leads to obesity
Examples of how disease can affect development? (PIES)
P - restrict children’s growth and reduce strength in older people
I - pain can make it difficult to concentrate
E - reduced mobility can leave people feeling depressed
S - social isolation if a person is not mobile
Examples of how exercise can affect development? (PIES)
P - increase strength, speed, stamina, mobility, flexibility and control weight
I - easier to concentrate after physical activity
E - make people feel more contented and combat depression
S - exercise brings people together
