Inflammatory response Flashcards

1
Q

The purpose of the inflammatory response is…

A

to isolate, inactivate and remove causative agent and damaged tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

innate inflammatory response is

A

the 1st response to injury/infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

All immune cells are made in the bone marrow from…

A

stem cells, once mature - immune cells circulate in the blood and some enter tissues (macrophages - mature monocytes) , B cells, dendritic cells, and mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An increase in eosinophils represents

A

allergic reaction (seen in atopic athsma), and elimination of parasites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

signs of inflammation are

A

redness,
heat,
swelling,
pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Events of inflammation

A
  1. Increased blood flow - dilation to increase blood flow to provide more oxygen and nutrients required for cellular processes of inflammation. Histamine is released by mast cells and heparin.
  2. Increased tissue fluid - fluid leaving the local blood vessels and entering IS spaces which is drained by lymphatic tissue. Tissue oedema can be harmful e.g respiratory passages.
  3. Migration of leukocytes neutrophils respond to local macrophages signalling cytokines so that neutrophils can squeeze through endothelial cells and enter the tissue. Macrophages become predominant 24 hours after injury and persist if inflammation is not resolved leading to chronic inflammation.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If resolution is not complete (damaged cell removal)

A

chronic inflammation can occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

B cells

A

produce antibodies against antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T cells produced by thymus

A

remember a specific antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Inflammatory mediators allow two types of responses

A
Vascular response (dilation, outflow of exudate and increased permeability to remove invading trigger by lymph)
Cellular response (cytokines recruit immune cells from the blood predominantly neutrophils to begin with and post 24 hours macrophages complete phagocytosis).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When the cause of damage cannot be cleared, chronic inflammation is indicated by

A

presence of macrophages and leukocytes which damage tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Older neutrophils

A

detect inflammation but have a decreased efficiency of getting to the source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atopic diseases exaggerated by IgE mediators are

A

Type I hypersensitivites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly