Inflammation And Soft Tissue Repair Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Inflammation?

A

Physical condition where the bodies white blood cells protect your body, possible injury site from infection

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2
Q

What are the signs of inflammation and describe them

A

-Pain = Chemical irritation/pressure on tissue and sensory nerve endings
-Redness (erythema) = Underlying excess of blood
-Heat = Hyperaemia
-Loss of function= Swelling, increase permeability of vessel walls (contains fibrous proteins which form blood clots)

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3
Q

Examples of acute inflammation

A

-Allergic reaction
-Infection
-Burns
-Trauma injury
-Chemical irritants

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4
Q

Example of chronic inflammation

A

-Cardiovascular disease
-Neurological disease
-Cancer
-Lupus
-Rheumatoid arthritis

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5
Q

What is soft tissue repair?

A

After an injury, the soft tissue undergoes 4 specific phases of healing, Physiotherapists assist in this natural healing.

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6
Q

What are the stages of soft tissue repair?

A

Stage 1- Bleeding
Stage 2- Inflammation
Stage 3- Proliferation
Stage 4- Remodelling

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7
Q

What happens in the first stage of Soft tissue repair?

A

Bleeding
-Soft tissue is disrupted due to vascular injury
-Blood vessels are severed
-Blood plasma released into wound site

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8
Q

How long does the bleeding stage last for?

A

4-6 hours

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9
Q

What happens in stage 2 of inflammation?

A

Inflammation
-Mast cells containing histamine proteins detect the injury and histamine is released
-Enters blood and attaches to receptor sites causing contraction and plasma leaks out

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10
Q

How long does the Inflammation stage last for?

A

2-3 days, resolves after a few weeks

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of responses in the inflammation phase of soft tissue repair?

A

Vascular Response and Cellular Response

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12
Q

Describe Vascular Response

A

-Vasodilation and vasopermability
-Dormant capilleries open and blood flow increases
-Leaky vessels and increase is exudate (Swelling/tissue oedema)

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13
Q

Describe Cellular Response

A

-Phagocytosis (removes debris)
-Releases by-product (debris clearance)

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14
Q

What is the third stage of soft tissue repair called?

A

Proliferation

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15
Q

What happens in stage 3 of soft tissue repair?

A

Proliferation
-Fibroplasia (Fibroblasts repair connective tissue)
-Angiogensis (formation of new blood vessels + collagen)
BASIC SCAR FORMATION

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16
Q

How long does Proliferation last for?

A

24- 48 hours to 2-3 weeks

17
Q

What happens in stage 4 of soft tissue repair?

A

Remodelling
-Refinement of collagen
-Type III fibre (weak) is reabsorbed and replaced with Type I to form the structure of final scar tissue

18
Q

How long does stage 4 of soft tissue repair last for?

A

1-2 weeks