inflammation

Question 1

what is asthma

Answer 1

inflammation of the airway

Question 2

asthma causes

Answer 2

sinus issues
triggers (air pollution, drugs, food, smoke)
RTIs
genetics
aspirin and NSAIDS

Question 3

asthma s/s

Answer 3

wheezing
color (cyanosis)
confusion
SOB
cough

Question 4

asthma interventions

Answer 4

remove triggers
O2, IV fluids
high fowlers
bronchodilators/ albuterol (rescue)
wash linens in HOT water
daily peak flow meter

Question 5

asthma labs / diagnostic tests

Answer 5

pulmonary function test
peak flow meter
chest xray

Question 6

what is COPD

Answer 6

airflow obstruction/ inflammation

Question 7

copd causes

Answer 7

smoking/asthma
reoccurring respiratory infections
air pollution/ chemicals
age/ genetics
inactivity / overweight

Question 8

copd s/s

Answer 8

barrel chest
clubbing
cough w/ sputum
dyspnea on exertion
wheezing, rhonchi
fatigue
right sided heart failure

Question 9

copd labs / diagnostic tests

Answer 9

sputum cultures / WBC count
increased hematocrit
ABG

Question 10

copd interventions

Answer 10

O2, high fowlers
antibiotics / bronchodilators
cough, deep breathing
6 minute walk test
nutrition
avoid triggers
small frequent meals
conserve energy

Question 11

what is malnutrition?

Answer 11

more or less than body requires

Question 12

malnutrition causes

Answer 12

alcohol use
depression
illness
incomplete diets
socioeconomic factors ($$$)

Question 13

malnutrition s/s

Answer 13

dry- scaley skin
brittle nails
weakness, confusion
rash
mouth ulcers
excema

Question 14

malnutrition interventions

Answer 14

supplemental electrolytes
daily weights
physical assessment
nutrition screening

Question 15

what is chrons disease?

Answer 15

autoimmune inflammatory disease of the GI tract
‘gum to bum’

entire lining inflammed

Question 16

chrons inflammation is ______

Answer 16

scattered patches
not continuous

Question 17

chrons disease causes

Answer 17

genetics
family Hx
immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue

Question 18

chrons disease s/s

Answer 18

diarrhea - less bloody
abd. pain RLQ pain
anal fissures
mouth ulcers
weight loss - malnourishment

Question 19

chrons disease interventions

Answer 19

5 ASA’s
immune suppressors
corticosteroids
vitamins
bowel resection
decrease fiber
barium enema

camera capsule endoscopy
not typical for surgery - will reoccur

Question 20

what is ulcerative colitis?

Answer 20

autoimmune inflammatory of the colon and rectum

inner lining inflamed

Question 21

ulcerative colitis inflammation is _______

Answer 21

continuous

whole colon

Question 22

ulcerative colitis causes

Answer 22

age
race
diet
birth control
antibiotics

Question 23

ulcerative colitis s/s

Answer 23

U rgent/frequent bm
L oss of weight, Low RBCs
C ramps in abd LLQ
E lectrolyte imbalances, Elevated temp
R ectal bleeding
S evere diarrhea w/ blood

Question 24

ulcerative colitis interventions

Answer 24

IV fluids
manage pain
barium enemas
5 ASA
corticosteroids
immune suppressors

surgery is common -colostomy

Question 25

hemodynamically stable

Answer 25

IV to PO meds

Question 26

peptic ulcers

Answer 26

anywhere there are gastric secretions
more common 50 yrs and older

Question 27

duodenal ulcers s/s

Answer 27

pain gnawing
pain in middle of the night
GI bleeding (black, tarry stool)
normal weight
food makes it better
3-4hrs after meals pain

Question 28

duodenal ulcers

Answer 28

found in duodenum
most common (80% PU)

Question 29

gastric ulcers

Answer 29

occurs in any portion of stomach
prevelant in women
> 50yrs
caused by delayed emptying

Question 30

gastric ulcers s/s

Answer 30

weight loss
pain dull and aching
pain 30min-1hr after meals
increased pain with food
vomitting blood / coffee grounds

Question 31

peptic ulcer disease risk factors

Answer 31

stress
nsaids usage
H. Pylori
alcohol
smoking
genetics

Question 32

peptic ulcer disease complications

Answer 32

hemorrhage
GI bleeding
perforation
gastric outlet obstruction / bowel blockage
increased risk of GI cancer