Inflammation Flashcards
Five Cardinal Signs of Acute Inflammation
- /2. Heat and Redness: due to increased blood flow through dilated blood vessels
- Swelling: result of increased passage of fluid from dilated and permeable blood vessels into the surrounding tissues.
- Pain: due to the direct effects of mediators, either from initial damage or that resulting from the inflammatory response itself, and the stretching of sensory nerves due to edema.
- Loss of Function: refers to either simple loss of mobility in a joint, due to edema and pain, or to the replacement of functional cells with scar tissue.
What role do Granulocytes play? Examples?
- Complicated nuclei 2-5 lobes
- Specialist cytoplasmic granules
- Activation of other immune cells
Types:
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
_________:Inflammatory fluid composed mainly of neutrophils, plasma proteins and cellular debris
Pus
___________:Any inflammatory process containing, consisting of or forming pus. Typical inflammations due to bacterial infections (e.g. purulent meningitis)
Purulent
____________: Any inflammatory process that contains, consists of or forms serum or a fluid having a watery consistency
Serous
Transudate versus Exudate?
•Transudate
Fluid low in protein and cellular content, which has passed through an intact membrane (as capillary wall) due to increased hydrostatic pressure or decreased osmotic forces. e.g. pleural fluid seen in heart failure (pleural effusion)
•Exudate
Fluid rich in protein and cellular content (white blood cells) which has leaked out of a tissue or its capillaries due to injury or inflammation. e.g. peritoneal pus seen in acute peritonitis
________________: Accumulation of fluid that has escaped from blood vessels or lymphatics. Can be ___________ (non inflammatory) or ____________ (inflammatory).
Effusion:
Accumulation of fluid that has escaped from blood vessels or lymphatics. Can be transudative (noninflammatory) or exudative (inflammatory).
What kind of Inflammation?
Serous Inflammation
What type of Inflammation?
What Type of Inflammation?
Suppurative Inflammation