Immunology from Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
Four classes of infectious organisms?
A
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Fungi
- Parasite
2
Q
How does the immune system cope with commensal microbes?
A
3
Q
What prevents commensal microbiota from invading epitheliuim?
A
- Epithelial tight junctions
- Microvilli
- Mucus-producing goblet cells
- Secreted IgA
4
Q
___________on epithelial cells identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
A
Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) on epithelial cells identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
5
Q
Proces of immune response of mucosal dendritic cells
A
- High levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines
- Drive differentiation of FoxP3+ Treg cells
- Induce IgA production by naive B cells in lymph nodes which then migrate to mucosal surfaces as IgA-secreting plasma cells
- Induce expression of mucosa-specific homing receptors on activated B and T-cells e.g.CCR9, a4b7
6
Q
Commensal microbiota balances inflammatory
vs.
Suppressive T cell responses
A
7
Q
Explain the key features of the immune system
A
8
Q
How does commensal microbiota balance diverse inflammatory responses?
A
Effector T cells: Th1/Th2 balance
- Interaction with microbes at mucosal surfaces critical for postnatal maturation of T cells
- Neonates are Th2 skewed at birth
- Exposure to microbial antigens stimulates Th1 cell expansion
- This balance is important in protection against allergic diseases
