Inflamation

Question 1

What are the main cellular components in acute inflamation?

Answer 1

Neutrophils

Question 2

What are the main cellular components in chronic inflamation?

Answer 2

Monocyes/MPH and Lymphocytes

Question 3

Examples for vasoactive materials in acute inflamation

Answer 3

Histamine
Serotonine
Bradyknin
Leukotrians

Question 4

Examples for chemotactic madiators in acute inflamation

Answer 4

Complement proteins (5ca)
Lymphotoxins Beta
Peptides

Question 5

What is the immidiate response for cell injury?

Answer 5

Vasoconstriction

Question 6

For how long does vasoconst. lasts?

Answer 6

Few seconds

Question 7

What is the name for protein rich fluid in inflamation?

Answer 7

Exudate

Question 8

Describe what is Transudate

Answer 8

Interstitial fluid accumulation caused by increased Hydrostatic P

Question 9

Describe Leukocytes activation

Answer 9

1. Chemoattraction
2. Rolling-Adhesion
3. Tight binding
4. Transmigration
5. Chemotaxins

Question 10

Main events durring Chemoattraction

Answer 10

MPH release cytokines

Endot. cells express adhesion molecules

Question 11

MPH release cytokines.

Which are they?

Answer 11

IL-1
TNF-a
Chemokines

Question 12

Endot. cells express adhesion molecules.

Which arre they?

Answer 12

Selectins

Question 13

Main events durring Rolling-Adhesion

Answer 13

Carbohydrate ligands on circulating Leukocytes binds to Selectin molecules

Question 14

Main events durring Tight binding

Answer 14

Binding is mediated by ICAM proteins

Surface Integrins on Leukocytes become high-affinity

Question 15

Main events durring Transmigration

Answer 15

Leukocytes cross the Endot. wall

Penetrate bsement memb. with help of hydrolytic enzymes

Question 16

How do we call the movement od Leukocytes through the basement memb.?

Answer 16

Dipedesis

Question 17

Main events durring Chemotaxins

Answer 17

Leukocytes move towards site of injury

Mediated by Chemokines and Chemoattractant

Question 18

Types of acute inflammation

Answer 18

Serous
Fibrinous
Purulent
Hemorrhagic
Gangrenous

Question 19

Describe Serous inflammation

Answer 19

• Exudate is watery and protein poor

- Fluid may derive from plasma orsecretion of mesothelial cells (lining pleura/pericardium)

Question 20

Examples for Serous inflammation

Answer 20

Endocarditis serosa

Meningitis serosa

Question 21

Describe Fibrinous inflammation

Answer 21

• Consequence of more severe injury
• Pseudomembranous inflammation
• Fibrinous exudate may be dissolved by Fibrinolysis
• Can lead to scarring if not removed

Question 22

Examples for Fibrinous inflammation

Answer 22

Fibrinous Pericrditis
Fibrinous Pleuritis
Fibrinous Peritonitis
Lobar Pneumonia
Pseudomembranous Colitis

Question 23

Describe Purulent inflammation

Answer 23

• Large amounts of Purulent Exudate ( Pus= Neut, Necrotic cells, Edema fluids)
• Abscesses (Focal cillections of Pus)

Question 24

Examples for Purulent inflammation

Answer 24

Purulent Pleuritis
Purulent Meningitis
Purulent Broncho-Pneumonia

Question 25

Describe Hemorrhagic inflammation

Answer 25

- Damage to capillary Endot. integrity -> Bleeding | - Exudate usually contains blood

Question 26

Examples for Hemorrhagic inflammation

Answer 26

Hemorrhagic Tracheitis Hemorrhagic Pneumonia Hemorrhagic Enteritis Anthrax

Question 27

Describe Gangrenous inflammation

Answer 27

- Collection of activated MPH often with T cells - Sometimes associated with necrosis - Usually form of chronic infl.

Question 28

Examples for Gangrenous inflammation

Answer 28

Gangrenous Pneumonia

Question 29

Describe Empyema

Answer 29

Collection of Pus inside naturally existing cavity

Question 30

Possible outcomes of acute infl.

Answer 30

Scar formation Regeneration and repair Persistant infection or failure of healing -> chronic infl.

Question 31

Describe what is Subacute inflammation

Answer 31

Transition btw acute and chronic inflammation

Question 32

Another name to redness

Answer 32

Rubor

Question 33

Another name to warm

Answer 33

Calor

Question 34

Another name to Painful

Answer 34

Dolor

Question 35

Localized form of acute purulent inflammation forming a pus filled cavitiy

Answer 35

Abscess

Question 36

Pus in preformed cavity

Answer 36

Empyema

Question 37

Diffused form of acute purulent inflammation, spreading within a tissue

Answer 37

Phlegmon

Question 38

What is Granuloma

Answer 38

Small roundish aggregation of epitheloid MPH and giant cells

Question 39

Types of multinucleated giant cells?

Answer 39

Foreign body Langerhans Touton

Question 40

Example for Rheumatic granuloma

Answer 40

Aschoffs nodule

Question 41

Describe primary wound healing

Answer 41

Sterile Cut wounds Sharp edges

Question 42

Describe secondary wound healing

Answer 42

Damaged wounds Loss of tissue Infected wounds

Question 43

Phases of wound healing

Answer 43

Exudative Resorptive Proliferative Reparative

Question 44

Proliferative phase of wound healing happens in day __

Answer 44

3