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Y3 Cardiology Conditions > Infective endocarditis > Flashcards

Infective endocarditis Flashcards

1
Q

Pathogenesis of infective endocarditis

A

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) —> microbes in blood stream —> vegetation at site of NBTE

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2
Q

Valves affected the most in IE

A

Site of turbulent flow: mitral & aortic

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3
Q

Most common bacteria

A

Viridans streptococcal

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4
Q

Bacteria found in IV drug use

A

staph aureus

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5
Q

Does s aureus has a higher or lower virulence than viridans streptococcal

A

Higher

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6
Q

Where is viridans strep found

A

Mouth

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7
Q

Where is s aureus found

A

Skin

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8
Q

Which bacteria can attack both healthy and previously damaged valves

A

S aureus

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9
Q

Does s aureus cause smaller or larger vegetations than viridans strep

A

Larger

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10
Q

Which bacteria destroys the valve it vegetates at

A

Staph aureus

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11
Q

Which bacteria is attracted to prosthetic valves

A

Staph epidermis

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12
Q

Where are enterococcus faecalis & strep bovids found

A

Normal gut flora

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13
Q

Why is there a new heart murmur in IE

A

Turbulent flow past damaged valve

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14
Q

What is the underlying cause of splinter haemorrhages & janeway lesions

A

Septic emboli (detached vegetations)

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15
Q

What is the underlying cause of osler’s nodes, Roth spots, glomerulonephrosis

A

Immune reactions —> antigen-antibody complexes

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16
Q

What is the diagnostic triad in pericarditis

A

1- chest pain
2- friction rub on auscultation
3- ECG: diffuse ST elevation; PR depression

17
Q

Location of chest pain in pericarditis and myocarditis

A
  • reterosternal

- left-sterna

18
Q

Radiation of chest pain in pericarditis

A

Neck

19
Q

Character of chest pain in pericarditis

A
  • pleuritic

- positional (worse when flat)

20
Q

Exacerbating factors of chest pain in pericarditis

A
  • coughing

- swallowing

21
Q

Character of chest pain in myocarditis, when can it be similar to pericarditis

A
  • nonpleuritic, nonpositional

- myopercardiotitis

22
Q

Cardiac tamponade Beck’s tirade

A
  • hypotension
  • distended JV
  • muffled H sound
23
Q

An exam question is likely to describe endocarditis organisms as

A

gram positive cocci

Y3 Cardiology Conditions (8 decks)

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