Infectious Pulmonary

Question 1

Pneumonia is a disease that effects the ________________ of the lungs.

Answer 1

Parenchyma

Question 2

What are causes of pneumonia

Answer 2

bacteria
virus
fungi
toxic chemicals, smoke, gases
aspiration of food

Question 3

What are the risk factors of pneumonia?

Answer 3

Age
chronic bronchitis
confinement in hospital
intubation

Question 4

What are released by microorganisms that damage the alveolocapillary membranes that can cause pneumonia?

Answer 4

Endotoxins

Question 5

Why does it matter that endotoxins can affect type 2 cells?

Answer 5

These cells produce surfactant

Question 6

What are signs and symptoms of pneumonia?

Answer 6

pleuretic chest pain
productive cough
green sputum
dyspnea
tachypnea and dec. ches excursion on involved side
cyanosis
headache
fatigue
fever and chills
aches
altered mental status due to adjustment in gas exchange

Question 7

What is proper medical management of someone with pneumonia?

Answer 7

antibiotic therapy
pneumonia vaccine
chest PT

Question 8

What are the important implications for the PT?

Answer 8

hand wash
deep breathing, coughing, and airway clearance techniques
early ambulation, proper positioning, sitting out of bed, and upright posture

Question 9

What is influenza caused by?

Answer 9

A viral infection

Question 10

What will help with the flu?

Answer 10

over the counter anti-inflammatories

Question 11

What will reduce influenza?

Answer 11

Wash your hands

Question 12

As a PT what do we need to know about treating influenza?

Answer 12

don’t treat active cases
hydration!!!!
conscious of fatigue
make sure the resting heart rate is normal
atrophy can occur due to proinflammatory cytokines

Question 13

As a PT what do we need to know about treating influenza?

Answer 13

don’t treat active cases
hydration!!!!
conscious of fatigue
make sure the resting heart rate is normal
atrophy can occur due to proinflammatory cytokines

Question 14

What are the 4 sites of infection for Tuberculosis?

Answer 14

the lungs (main)
vertebral columns
CNS
Heart

Question 15

Tuberculosis is an infection established where?

Answer 15

the alveol

Question 16

A granulomatous inflammation is called a:

Answer 16

ghon focus

Question 17

The ghon focus involving the ___________ can spread.

Answer 17

lymphatic

Question 18

What are the 2 ways TB can spread?

Answer 18

The ghon focus can open up or it can get into the lymphatics.

Question 19

What is the progression of primary TB:

Answer 19

infection –> cured
infection –> active infection
infection –> latent
infection –> latent –> active infection

Question 20

What are the 3 ways TB can be transmitted?

Answer 20

airborn pathogens
casual contact
upastuerized milk
household exposure over many months

Question 21

Transmission of TB is dependent on:

Answer 21

• # of infections particles inhaled
• virulence
• level of immunity
• duration of exposure

Question 22

What are signs and symptoms of tuberculosis?

Answer 22

malaise
weight loss
night sweats
cough that is worse in morning
hemoptysis

Question 23

how do you diagnosse TB?

Answer 23

culture of sputum
chest x ray
Tuberculin skin test

Question 24

What is the least effective mask against TB?

Answer 24

PAPR mask

Question 25

What is the most efficient mask against TB?

Answer 25

HEPA filter

Question 26

What does the PT need to know when treating TB?

Answer 26

wear PPE
negative pressure room
conduct a chest assessment
Pt education
clean equipment

Question 27

Medications of TB may cause:

Answer 27

peripheral neuropathy
liver damage
fatigue
nausea and vomiting
abdominal pain

Question 28

Pts with Potts disease, TB of the spine, may need to avoid what in pt?

Answer 28

they may need to avoid weight bearing and immobilize in order to relieve pain.