Infectious diseases of the eye Flashcards
What antibiotics would you give for blephartis
Tetracycline
How does cancaliculitis present
Unilateral red eye, watery eye, swollen lump, mucoid discharge, granules, usually caused by actionmyces israeli (gram +ve)
What is dacrocystitis
Infection of lacrimal sac - Wegners granulomatosis is a risk factor. oral abx given. Staph epidermidis in adults and H influenzae in kids.
What is the first sign in cavernous sinus thrombosis
Later gaze palsy due to CN 6 compression
Whats is orbital mucoymycosis
Fungal infection. Immunocompramised and DKA patients get it.
What abx to give bacterial keratitis
Topical fluoroquinolones
What stainibng would you use for keratitis
Gram and giemsa staining in sabouraud’s agar
What organisms can cause fungal keratitis
candida (mushroom and collar stud morphology) and filamentous fungi (due to trauma).
What is the important sign in acanthamoeba keratitis
Ring shaped stromal infiltrates and a lot of pain and wessely ring
What is the important sign in HS keratitis
Stellate, star shapes, terminal buttons.
What do you NOT give these patients
Steroid
What causes interstitial keratitis
Syphllis (tends to be bilateral) and lyme disease
How do you treat bacterial conjuctivitis
Chloramphenicol but in pregnant women give fusidic acid instead due to aplastic anaemia
Describe how chlamydial conjunctivits presents
White follicles, mucopurulent stringy discharge
investigate with giemsa stain
can be associated with reactive arthirits,
treat with azithomyocin and doxycyclin
What is trachoma
Leading cause of blindenss worldwide. Type 4 hypersenitiivity. Transmited by bazaar fly bringing chlamyida
Hpw does it present
5 stages. Stage 3 - scarring, stage 4 - trichiasis (ingrowing eyelashes towards cornea
how to treat
azithromycin
What is endopthalmitis
Infection of aqeuous and vitroesu humour
How does it present
Redness, floaters, blurred vision, post op, corneal haze.
What orhganism
Immedeate - staph epid
Later onset - propioniobacterium acnes
What can TB uvitis cause
Posterior uveitis
What is onchocerciasis and what is the treatment
Decreased VA, sclerosing keratitis, anterior uvetitis, can visualise microfilariae with slit lamp
Treat with Ivermectin
What causes macular star pattern
Cat scratch neuroretinitis - central decrease in VBA
What is CMV retinits
seen in AIDS patient - Pizza pie and cottage cheese with ketchup fundoscopy.
GIve IV ganciclovir
