Infectious Diseases Flashcards
main features of immune sensence
depressed T cell/macrophage interactions
even in absense of disease, aging is associated with ______
reduction in renal function
what is often the first sign of pneumonia in older adults
increased RR
what is the strongest indepenedent predictor of mortality
cormorbidity
what is the most common agent of pneumonia in older adults
strep pneumo
_____ are more common pneumonia agents than in younger adults
gram negative bacilli
what agent often causes community acquried pneumonia in nursing home residents
staph. aureus
how do you treat community acquired pneumonia in elderly
beta lactame/beta lactamase combo or advanced generation cephalosporin
what is different about treating hospital-acquired pneumonia
intial regimens should be broadly inclusive.
how can you reudce the risk of pneumonia
immunization
stop smoking
treat comorbidities
how can you treat flu
tamiflu or zanamirivir
what is differetn about older adults and UTIs
more likely to have resistant isolates like pseudomoas and gram pos organisms
what organisms colonize catheters
enterococci, staph aureus, fungi
do you treat asymptomatic bacteruria
no
how do you treat cyrtisits in older women
fluorquinolones
symptoms of peylonephritis in older women
fever, chills, nausae, flank plan
how do you treat pyelonephritis in older women
IV bx
get culture
what are UTIs in older men often caused by
obstructive prostatic disease or functional disability
how do older adults present with TB
fatique, anorexia, decreased functional status, low grade fever
induration > 15
always positive
inductation > 10 mm
postiive for nursing home residents, immigrants
inductation 5 mm
postive in HIV pt
how do you treat TB
isoiazid for 9 mons
how do you treat infective endocarditis
IV abx for 4-6 weeks
most likely pathogen for septic arthritis`
staph aureus
how do you treat septic arthritis
aggressive abx
where is septic arthritis most often found
joints with underlying path
what is the predominant organism of osetomyeltis
s aureus
how do you treat bacterial menigitis
certriaxone plus vanco
major risk factor for herpes zoster
old age
who is zonster vaccine recommended for
immunocompetent adults >60
3 infectious causes of bell’s palsy
herpes simplex varicella zoster borrelia burgdorgergi (lyme)
how do you treat mild to moderate c. diff
metronidazole
how do you treat severe c. diff
vanco
