Infectious Diseases

Question 1

MVA

Answer 1

Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara

Question 2

MVA vaccine first developed in

Answer 2

1970s

Question 3

MVA discovery

Answer 3

1953 by Anton Mayr, a virologist at Federal Research Institute for Animal Virus Diseases in Germany

Question 4

VACV

Answer 4

Conventional Vaccinia Virus

Question 5

Upon the ___ CEF passage the virus was renamed MVA and transferred to the ___ for evaluation as a safer smallpox vaccine in clinical trials

Answer 5

516th, Bavarian State Vaccine Institute in Munich

Question 6

The coding sequences for the E.coli enzymes ___ and ____ served as the first heterologous genes to be inserted and expressed at the site of ___ in the MVA gene

Answer 6

B- galactosidase, guaninephosphoribosyl-transferase, deletion III

Question 7

A first MVA vector VACCINE was constructed and tested that simultaneously expressed in the __ and ___ genes of influenza A virus

Answer 7

HA, NP (Nucleoprotein)

Question 8

The natural deletion __ within the MVA genome was successfully used as insertion site to express recombinant bacteriophage ___

Answer 8

2, T7 RNA polymerase

Question 9

Thymidine Kinase locus

Answer 9

A well-exploited insertion site in replication competent VACV-vectors, likewise served to generate recombinant MVA delivering antigens of HIV-1 or Plasmodium Berghei

Question 10

Idea of nucleic acid vaccine was proposed in

Answer 10

Early 1990s

Question 11

In ___ first NA vaccine was developed against Herpes Simplex type 2 by ___

Answer 11

1993, university of Wisconsin-Madison

Question 12

Late 1990s

Answer 12

First DNA vaccine Developed against HIV , induced response in human
Phase 1 trails

Question 13

Overview of clinical trails of NA vaccines

Answer 13

1. Pfizer and Moderna
2. Fluzone high dose ..
3. Testing of vaccine against Ebola
4. BNT111

Question 14

Pfizer and Moderna Vaccines had undergone large scale phase _ trials (overview of clinical trials)

Answer 14

3

Question 15

Fluzone High Dose for Influenza was found ___ more effective than standard vaccine (clinical trials overview)

Answer 15

24.2%

Question 16

Fluzone clinical trials conducted in US in 2014-2015 on over

Answer 16

30K participants

Question 17

The vaccine against Ebola was tested and confirmed on Ebola patients in ____

Answer 17

2018-2019 (97.5% effective)

Question 18

__ that targets tumour associated antigens was shown safe and well tolerated in phase __ for advanced Melanoma

Answer 18

BNT111, 1

Question 19

Notably among them is the ____, a recombinant FWPV that express the H5antigen of avian influenza virus.

Answer 19

Trovac AI H5

Question 20

A coronavirus vaccine known as ______ was developed by the University of Oxford and AstraZeneca to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection

Answer 20

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or AZD1222

Question 21

Replication deficient___ vector expressing hemagglutinin antigen of avian influenza virus and a toll-like ___ has been found to induce antigen-specific immune responses in humans.

Answer 21

AdHu5, receptor 3 ligands

Question 22

Another novel approach is to use a _____vector expressing artificial microRNAs to target matrix proteins or nucleoproteins of the influenza virus

Answer 22

chimpanzee adenovirus (AdC68)-based

Question 23

Trivalent AdHu5 vector expressing three HIV antigens, ____ is the most widely studied HIV vaccine worldwide.

Answer 23

gag, pol, and nef,

Question 24

Chimpanzee adenovirus (serotypes ___)-based vectors expressing gag, pol, and nef antigens have shown promising results in the murine model.

Answer 24

3 and 63

Question 25

The most widely studied adenovirus-based tuberculosis vaccine is ______, and the expression is controlled by the cytomegalovirus promoter.

Answer 25

E1/E2 depleted AdHu5 vector expressing immunodominant Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 85A

Question 26

This drawback can be subsided by using less prevalent serotypes, such as human adenovirus ___. (TB vaccine)

Answer 26

serotype 35

Question 27

One such vaccine is ____, which is developed using the AdHu35 vector expressing three different antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis under the control of the ____ promoter.

Answer 27

rAd35-TBS, cytomegalovirus.

Question 28

Adenovirus-based vaccines are prepared by inserting a ____ into the adenoviral backbone through direct cloning or homologous recombination.

Answer 28

transgene cassette