Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Final NAPLEX > Infectious Disease I > Flashcards

Infectious Disease I Flashcards

1
Q

List six resistant pathogens (Kill Each and Every Strong Pathogens, KEAESP)

A
  1. Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL, CRE)
  2. Escherichia coli (ESBL, CRE)
  3. Acinetobacter baumannii
  4. Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium (VRE)
  5. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
  6. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List five characteristics of hydrophilic ABX

A
  1. small volume of distribution (poor tissue penetration)
  2. renal elimination (nephrotoxicity/accumulation)
  3. low intracellular concentrations (not active against atypical/intracellular pathogens)
  4. increased clearance and/or distribution in sepsis (loading doses/aggressive dosing in sepsis)
  5. poor-moderate bioavailability (not used PO or IV:PO ratio is not 1:1)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List five hydrophilic ABX

A
  1. Beta-lactams
  2. aminoglycosides
  3. glycopeptides
  4. daptomycin
  5. polymyxins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List five characteristics of lipophilic ABX

A
  1. large volume of distribution (excellent tissue penetration)
  2. hepatic metabolism (hepatotoxicity and DDI)
  3. achieve intracellular concentrations (active against atypical/intracellular organisms)
  4. clearance distribution minimally changed in sepsis
  5. excellent bioavailability (IV:PO ratio is often 1:1)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List six lipophilic ABX

A
  1. quinolones
  2. macrolides
  3. rifampin
  4. linezolid
  5. tetracyclines
  6. chloramphenicol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List four drugs that are active for community-associated MRSA skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs)

A
  1. SMX/TMP
  2. Doxycycline, minocycline
  3. clindamycin
  4. Linezolid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List nine drugs that are active for SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization (cover MRSA and streptococci)

A
  1. Vancomycin
  2. Linezolid, tedizolid
  3. Daptomycin
  4. Ceftaroline
  5. Telavancin
  6. Oritavancin
  7. Dalbavancin
  8. Quinupristin/dalfopristin
  9. Tigecycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List five drugs that are used for nosocomial MRSA infections

A
  1. Vancomycin (consider using alternative if MIC >2)
  2. Linezolid
  3. Daptomycin (not in pneumonia)
  4. Rifampin (select infections, never used alone)
  5. Telavancin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List five drugs/drug classes used for E. Faecalis VRE

A
  1. Pen G or ampicillin
  2. Linezolid
  3. Daptomycin
  4. Tigecycline
  5. Cystitis only: nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, doxycycline

**Pen G or ampicillin active for E. Faecalis but not E. Faecium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List five drugs/drug classes for E. Faecium VRE

A
  1. Daptomycin
  2. Linezolid
  3. Quinupristin/dalfopristin
  4. Tigecycline
  5. Cystitis only: nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, doxycycline

**. Quinupristin/dalfopristin active for E. Faecium but not E. Faecalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List ten drugs that are active against pseudomonas aeruginosa

A
  1. Piperacillin/tazobactam
  2. Cefepime
  3. Ceftazidime
  4. Ceftazidime/avibactam
  5. Ceftolozane/Tazobactam
  6. Carbapenems (except ertapenem)
  7. Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
  8. Aztreonam
  9. Aminoglycosides
  10. Colistimethate, polymixin B
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List seven drugs that are active against acinetobacter baumannii

A
  1. carbapenems (except ertapenem)
  2. ampicillin/sulbactam
  3. minocycline
  4. tigecycline
  5. quinolones
  6. bactrim
  7. colistimethate, polymyxin B
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List six drugs that are active against ESBL-producing gram-negative rods [E. Coli, K. Pneumonieae, P. mirabilis)

A
  1. Carbapenems
  2. ceftolozane/tazobactam
  3. ceftazidime/avibactam
  4. cefepime (high-dose)
  5. aminoglycosides
  6. cystitis only: fosfomycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

List two drugs that are active against carbapenem-resistant gram-negative rods

A
  1. ceftazidime/avibactam

2. colistimethate, polymyxin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List six drugs/drug classes that are active against bacteroides fragilis

A
  1. Metronidazole
  2. Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors
  3. cefotetan, cefoxitin
  4. carbapenems
  5. tigecycline
  6. others (reduced activity): clindamycin, moxifloxacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List three drugs that are active against c. Defficile infection

A
  1. vancomycin (oral)
  2. fidaxomicin
  3. metronidazole
17
Q

List three drugs/drug classes that are active against atypical organisms

A
  1. azithromycin, clarithromycin
  2. doxycycline, minocycline
  3. quinolones
18
Q

HNPEK (H. influenzae. Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Proteus. E. coli. Klebsiella)

A
  1. beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor
  2. amoxicillin (if beta-lactamase negative)
  3. cephalosporins (except 1st generation)
  4. carbapenems
  5. SMX/TMP
  6. aminoglycosides
  7. quinolones
19
Q

List 14 oral liquid antibiotics that are DO NOT REFRIGERATE

A
  1. cefdinir
  2. azithromycin
  3. clarithromycin
  4. doxycycline
  5. ciprofloxacin
  6. levofloxacin
  7. clindamycin
  8. linezolid
  9. bactrim
  10. acyclovir
  11. fluconazole
  12. posaconazole
  13. voriconazole
  14. nystatin
20
Q

List twelve oral liquid antibiotics that require refrigeration after reconstitution

A
  1. penicillin VK
  2. ampicillin
  3. amoxicillin/clavulanate
  4. cephalexin
  5. cefadroxil
  6. cefpodoxime
  7. cefprozil
  8. cefuroxime
  9. cefaclor
  10. ceftibuten
  11. vancomycin oral (Firvanq)
  12. Valgancyclovir (Valcyte)
21
Q

List four IV antibiotics that require refrigeration

A
  1. Metronidazole
  2. Moxifloxacin
  3. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
  4. acyclovir
22
Q

List eighteen ABX that do not require renal dose adjustment

A
  1. antistaphylococcal penicillins (dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin)
  2. ceftriaxone
  3. clindamycin
  4. doxycycline
  5. azithromycin and erythromycin
  6. metronidazole
  7. moxifloxacin
  8. linezolid
  9. chloramphenicol
  10. fidaxomicin
  11. minocycline
  12. quinupristin/dalfopristin
  13. rifaximin
  14. rifampin
  15. tedizolid
  16. tigecycline
  17. tinidazole
  18. vancomycin (PO only)
23
Q

List six ABX that can cause hemolytic anemia with G6PD deficiency

A
  1. chloroquine
  2. dapsone
  3. nitrofurantoin
  4. primaquine
  5. probenecid (used synergistically)
  6. SMX
24
Q

List seven ABX that can cause hemolytic anemia with Coombs test

A
  1. Beta-lactamase inhibitors (clavulanate, tazobactam)
  2. cephalosporins
  3. isoniazid
  4. nitrofurantoin
  5. penicillins
  6. quinine
  7. rifampin
  8. SMX
25
Q

List three ABX that can cause drug-induced lupud erythrmatosus (positive rheumatoid factor, elevated antinuclear body antigen, elevated ESR, elevated CRP)

A
  1. Isoniazid
  2. Minocycline
  3. Terbinafine
26
Q

List four ABX that can cause false-positive urine glucose tests (with copper reduction tests)

A
  1. penicillins
  2. cephalosporins
  3. imipenem
  4. isoniazid
27
Q

List two ABX that can cause false elevation for aPTT

A
  1. oritavancin

2. telavancin

28
Q

List three ABX that can cause false elevation of INR

A
  1. daptomycin
  2. oritavancin
  3. telavancin
29
Q

List ABX that can cause elevated CPK

A
  1. Daptomycin
30
Q

List ABX that should be taken within 1 hour of finishing a meal

A

Amoxicillin (Moxatag)

31
Q

List eight ABX that should be taken on an empty stomach

A
  1. ampicililn oral capsules and suspension
  2. ceftibuten suspension
  3. levofloxacin oral solution
  4. penicillin VK
  5. Riafmpin
  6. Isoniazid
  7. itraconazole solution
  8. voriconazole solution
32
Q

List six ABX/ABX drug classes that have a 1:1 IV to oral dosing

A
  1. levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
  2. doxycycline, minocycline
  3. Bactrim
  4. Linezolid, tedizolid
  5. metronidazole
  6. fluconazole, isavuconazonium, posaconazole (oral tablets and IV), voriconazole
33
Q

List three ABX that require light protection during administration

A
  1. doxycycline
  2. micafungin
  3. pentamidine
34
Q

List five ABX that require DEXTROSE ONLY (no saline)

A
  1. dalbavancin, oritavancin
  2. pentamidine
  3. quinupristin/dalfopristin
  4. Bactrim
  5. amphotericin B
35
Q

List four ABX that require SALINE ONLY (no dextrose)

A
  1. ampicillin
  2. ampicililn/sulbactam
  3. ertapenem
  4. daptomycin (cubicin RF)
36
Q

List two ABX that are compatible with LR only

A
  1. caspofungin

2. daptomycin (cubicin)

Final NAPLEX (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions