Infectious Disease

Question 1

What is a maculopapular rash?

Answer 1

Macules up to 5 mm in diameter
-Completely Flat

Papules
- Up to 1cm in diameter, raised bumps

Question 2

What is a vesicular rash?

Answer 2

Vesicles up to 5mm in Diameter

Clear blisters filled with fluid

Question 3

What is a petechial and purpuric rash?

Answer 3

Flat red-brown spots (represent bleeding)
-Do not blanch
-Petechial = <2mm in diameter
-Purpuric >2 mm in diameter

Question 4

What causes Erythema Infectiosum?

Answer 4

Parvovirus B19

Question 5

Slapped cheeks rash is associated with what?

Answer 5

Erythema Infectiosum

Question 6

What is the clinical manifestation of Erythema infeciosum?

Answer 6

Flu-like prodrome
Fever
Rash -Slapped cheek
Maculopapular rash on the body
-More prominent after sun or heat exposure

Resolves within a week

Question 7

What are the complications of erythema infectiosum?

Answer 7

Anaemia

Hydrops Fetalis during pregnancy

Question 8

How is erythema infectiosum diagnosed?

Answer 8

Parvo-B19-specific IgM antibodies
PCR

Question 9

What is the clinical presentation of Measles?

Answer 9

-Fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis.
-Rash begins on mucous membranes (Koplik spots opposite molars)
-Cephalocaudal progression of rash

Question 10

Koplik’s spots are associated with which infectious disease?

Answer 10

Measles

Question 11

What type of lymphadenopathy is associated with Rubella?

Answer 11

Post-auricular and sub-occipital

Question 12

What is the most common infective cause of fever in the returning traveller?

Answer 12

Malaria

Question 13

Which GUM disorder is associated with thin discharge and a fishy odour?

Answer 13

Bacterial vaginosis

Question 14

Which organism is most associated with causing pelvic inflammatory disease?

Answer 14

Chlamydia Trachomatis

Question 15

Multiple lesions localised in the parietal or frontal lobes, thalamus or basal ganglia with ring enhancement: Infective cause?

Answer 15

Toxoplasmic encephalitis

Question 16

Most common cause of CAP in the UK

Answer 16

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 17

which ABx should be avoided in children?

Answer 17

Tetraycyclines

Question 18

Moxifloxacin is associated with what ECG abnormality?

Answer 18

Prolonged QTc

Question 19

Painless lesion on penis?

Answer 19

Syphilis (Chacre)

Question 20

What is the presentation of Schistosomiasis?

Answer 20

abdominal pain, haematuria and bloody diarrhoea. Chronic infection leads to an increased risk of bladder cancer

Question 21

Which type of cancer is associated with Schistosomiasis?

Answer 21

Squamous cell bladder carcinoma

Question 22

What is the immediate diagnostic investigation for bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 22

Vaginal discharge sampling for pH (>4.5) and wet mount microscopy for clue cells

Question 23

Which nerve is associated with herpes sozter opthalmicus?

Answer 23

First division of the trigeminal nerve

Question 24

What is Hutchinson Sign?

Answer 24

Rash present on the tip of the nose - implies involvement of the nasociliary nerve

Question 25

Why is pyridoxine prescribed with isoniazid?

Answer 25

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 26

Which investigation should be performed prior to starting primaquine therapy in non-falciparum malaria?

Answer 26

G6PD Level

Question 27

What type of rash is associated with mycoplasma pnuemoniae?

Answer 27

Erythema multiforme

Question 28

What is the gold standard diagnostic investigation for malaria?

Answer 28

Thick and thin blood smears

Question 29

What are the adverse effects associated with aminoglycoside ABx?

Answer 29

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Neuromuscular paralysis
Nausea and vomiting