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Patho > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

This type of virus is spread through droplets

a. flu
b. enterovirus
c. HIV
d. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

A

flu

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2
Q

What type of virus is spread by touching infected person or surface

a. flu
b. enterovirus
c. HIV
d. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

A

enterovirus

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3
Q

Which type of virus is spread through an infected person, contaminated food, water or surfaces?

a. flu
b. enterovirus
c. norovirus
d. RSV

A

Norovirus

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4
Q

Which type of virus is spread through bodily fluids or infected needles?

a. HIV
b. Hep C
c. RSV
d. Flu

A

HIV

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5
Q

Which type of virus is spread through infected needles?

a. Hep C
b. HIV
c. norovirus
d. RSV

A

Hep C

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6
Q

Which type of virus is spread through coughing and sneezing?

a. Hep C
b. Flu
c. Enterovirus
d. RSV

A

RSV

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7
Q

Which of the following terms describes: completely dependent on host cells, cannot replicate on their own and not susceptible to antibiotics?

a. mycoplasma
b. protozoa
c. virus
d. Rickettsiae

A

Virus

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8
Q

Which of the following terms describes: self-replicating bacteria and sensitive to some antibiotics

a. virus
b. mycoplasma
c. bacteria
d. rickettsiae

A

mycoplasmas

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9
Q

Which of the following terms is described: single-celled microorganisms and grow independently

a. virus
b. mycoplasma
c. bacteria
d. fungi

A

bacteria

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10
Q

Which of the following terms is being described: animal pathogens, produced through the bite of an insect and replicates, a host is required for replication

a. virus
b. fungi
c. bacteria
d. rickettsiae

A

rickettsiae

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11
Q

Which of the following terms is being described: a single cell unit or group of undifferentiated cells, larger parasites include roundworms and flatworms

a. bacteria
b. virus
c. protozoa
d. fungi

A

protozoa

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12
Q

Which of the following terms is being described: unicellular organisms, can be fatal if in the lung

a. bacteria
b. fungi
c. protozoa
d. bacteria

A

fungi

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13
Q

The environment in which an organism can live in and multiple in

a. reservoir
b. portal of exit
c. mode of transmission
d. nosocomial infections

A

reservoir

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14
Q

The place from which the parasite leaves the reservoir

a. mode of transmission
b. portal of entry
c. portal of exit
d. reservoir

A

portal of exit

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15
Q

The invading organism must be transported from the infected source to a susceptible host

a. portal of exit
b. mode of transmission
c. reservoir
d. portal of exit

A

mode of transmission

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16
Q

What are the 5 main routes of transmission?

A 
contact 
airborne
droplet
vehicle
vector borne
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17
Q

Contact route of transmission

A

direct or indirect

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18
Q

Small particles in the air

A

airborne

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19
Q

Bigger particles that dont suspend but they project

A

droplet

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20
Q

Contaminated food, water or any suscptible hosts

A

vehicle

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21
Q

transmitted by an insect or animal

A

vector borne

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22
Q

Nosocomial infections are frequently acquired in the _

A

hospital

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23
Q

A pathogen may enter through ingestion, inhalation or bites through contact with mucous membranes

a. mode of transmission
b. portal of exit
c. portal of entry

A

portal of entry

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24
Q

The first line of defense is the

A

skin

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25
Q

The second line of defense is the

A

inflammatory response - nonspecific

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26
Q

The third line of defense is

A

immune response - specific

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27
Q

List ways of controlling transmission of disease

A 
isolation and barriers 
transmission-based precautions
immunization
prophylactic antibiotic therapy 
improved nutrition, living conditions and sanitation
correction of environmental factors
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28
Q

How are staphylococcal infections spread?

A

direct contact with colonized surfaces or people

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29
Q

Staphylococcal aureus infections most common bacteria residing in the

A

skin

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30
Q

Is it possible to have a fever and no infection?

A

yes

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31
Q

Do geriatric patients react the same as a younger patient in regards to fever? How are they different?

A

Older people will not show infection because hypothalamus doesn’t work as well

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32
Q

What are the symptoms of staphylococcal infections?

A

fever, chills

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33
Q

What are common Streptococci signs and symptoms?

A

fever, chills, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes

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34
Q

How is Streptococci (GAS) spread?

A

bacteria pathogen of humans

direct contact with surface or people

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35
Q

Streptococcal pharyngitis is also known as

A

strep throat

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36
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Streptococcal Pharyngitis?

A

fever, sore throat with severe pain on swallowing, swollen glands and weakness

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37
Q

Which type of strep follows streptococcal phayrngitis?

A

Scarlet Fever

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38
Q

Scarlet Fever is most common in

A

children

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39
Q

How is scarlet fever spread?

a. indirect contact
b. direct contact
c. airborne
d. droplets

A

direct contact

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40
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of scarlet fever?

A

sore throat, fever, strawberry tongue, rash

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41
Q

How is impetigo spread?

A

itching

42
Q

What are predisposing factors to impetigo?

A

close contact living quarters
poor skin hygiene
minor skin trauma

43
Q

Which of the following is described as inflammation of the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissues?

a. Impetigo
b. Streptococci
c. Scarlet Fever
d. Streptococcal cellulitis

A

Streptococcal cellulits

44
Q

Pustular vesicles become encrusted and cause itching describes

a. Impetigo
b. Necrotizing fasciitis
c. Streptococcal cellulitis
d. none of the above

A

Impetigo

45
Q

Which of the following describes an invasive infection of fasica?

a. Impetigo
b. Necrotizing fasciitis
c. Streptoccal cellulitis
d. Streptococci

A

Necrotizing fasciitis

46
Q

Necrotiziing fasciitis is most commonly located in the

a. head
b. trunk
c. extremities
d. feet

A

extremities

47
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis is spread slowly (true/false)

A

false

spreads FAST

48
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis is can be fatal (true/false)

A

true

49
Q

Which of the following is described as severe pain and inflammation in the affected muscle?

a. Necrotizing fasciitis
b. Impetigo
c. Streptococcal cellulitis
d. Streptococcal myositis

A

Streptococcal myositis

50
Q

Which of the following is rare and life-threatening?

a. Necrotizing fasciitis
b. Impetigo
c. Streptococcal cellulitis
d. Streptococcal myositis

A

Streptococcal myositis

51
Q

Which of the following follows abortion or normal delivery?

a. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
b. Puerperal sepsis
c. Impetigo
d. Streptococcus myositis

A

Puerperal sepsis

52
Q

This type of Streptococci invades the endometrium and surrounding structures, lymphatics, and bloodstream

a. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
b. Puerperal sepsis
c. Impetigo
d. Streptococcus myositis

A

Puerperal sepsis

53
Q

Which of the following is described as an inflammation of the pleurae?

a. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
b. Impetigo
c. Streptococcus Pharyngitis
d. Puerperal spesis

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

54
Q

Streptococcus Pneumoniae is most common in

a. children
b. adults
c. elderly
d. health care workers

A

adults

55
Q

Streptococcus Pneumoniae is not likely to cause death (true/false)

A

false

can cause death if young or old

56
Q

Streptococcus Pneumoniae often follows

a. influenza
b. viral respiratory infection
c. bacteria infection
d. a and b

A

a and b

57
Q

Which of the following is the leading cause of neonatal pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis?

a. Group A Streptococci
b. Group B Streptococci
c. any type of Streptococci
d. none of the above

A

Group B Streptococci

58
Q

Symptoms of Group B Streptococci include

A

lethargy
poor feeding
respiratory distress

59
Q

Group B Streptococci can be controlled and tested for (True/false)

A

true

60
Q

Which of the following is desribed as the death of body tissue usually associated with vascular supply followed by bacterial invasion?

a. Group A Streptococci
b. Group B Streptococci
c. Gas gangrene

A

Gas gangrene

61
Q

What are two symptoms of gas gangrene?

A

fever and tachycardia

62
Q

Which type of gangrene can be caused by a lack of BF or circulation?

a. dry
b. moist
c. gas
d. none of the above
e. dry or moist

A

dry or moist

63
Q

What most commonly causes gas gangrene?

a. lack of BF
b. lack of circulation
c. wound and infected with anerobic bacteria

A

wound and infected with anerobic bacteria

64
Q

Pseudomonas is one of the most common nosocomial pathogens (true/false)

A

true

65
Q

Which of the following is described as an opportunistic pathogen that produces the pigment responsible or giving the green color to pus?

a. exudate
b. bacteria
c. Pseudomonas
d. gangrene

A

Pseudomonas

66
Q

Signs and symptoms are the same no matter the site of infection or the state of the host in Pseudomonas (true/false)

A

false

varies with site and host

67
Q

What are complications with pseudomonas?

A

CNS infection

joint infection

68
Q

What is described as bloodborne viruses that most endanger HCW?

a. bacteria infections
b. viral infections
c. fungal infections

A

viral infections

69
Q

Which type of viral infection is responsible for cold sores?

a. HSV1
b. HSV2
c. HSV3
d. RSV

A

HSV1

70
Q

Moist ulcers due to HSV1 epithelialize within

a. 1-2 days
b. 3-5 days
c. 2-3 weeks
d. 3-4 weeks

A

2-3 weeks

71
Q

HSV1 can be brought on by

A

stress
fever
sunlight
infections

72
Q

Which type of viral infection is responsible for gential herpes?

a. HSV1
b. HSV2
c. HSV3
d. RSV

A

HSV2

73
Q

Which type of viral infection is referred to as shingles or chickenpox?

a. HSV1
b. HSV2
c. HSV3
d. RSV

A

HSV3

74
Q

Which type of HSV can remain in the body as a latent infection after primary infection?

a. HSV1
b. HSV2
c. HSV3
d. RSV

A

HSV3

75
Q

Transmission of HSV3 is

a. direct contact
b. indirect contact
c. vehicle
d. airborne droplets

A

airborne droplets

76
Q

HSV3 is asymptomatic (true/false)

A

false

77
Q

HSV produces _ and _ followed by eruption of a _

A

fever and malaise followed by a rash

78
Q

RSV is spread through

a. direct contact
b. indirect contact
c. airborne
d. droplets

A

direct contact

79
Q

C-diff is common among what population

A

long term care facilities

acute care

80
Q

Suppurative means (produce/doesnt produce) pus

A

produce pus

81
Q

Non-suppurative means (produce/doesnt produce) pus

A

doesnt produce pus

82
Q

Which are considered Group A Staphylococcal infections?

A 
Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Scarlet Fever
Impetigo
Streptococcal Cellulits 
Necrotizing fasciitis
Streptoccoal myositis 
Peurperal Sepsis
83
Q

What are considered Group B Staphylococcal infections?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Pseudomonas
Gas Gangrene

84
Q

What sign or symptom is the differentiator between Streptococcal Pharyngitis and Scarlet Fever?

a. sore throat
b. fever
c. strawberry tongue
d. weakness

A

strawberry tongue

85
Q

Scarlet Fever is more severe than Streptococcal Pharyngitis (true/false)

A

true

86
Q

Impetigo is spread by itching (true/false)

A

true

87
Q

Puerperal sepsis invades _ and surrounding structures, _ and _

A

endometrium
lymphatics
bloodstream

88
Q

Group A Streptococcus is spread from babies born from colonized women (true/false)

A

false

Group B

89
Q

Which of the following is the most common nosocomial pathogens?

a. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
b. Pseudomonas
c. Peurperal sepsis
d. Necrotizing fasciitis

A

Pseudomonas

90
Q

Which type of Streptococci is resistant to antibiotics?

a. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
b. Pseudomonas
c. Peurperal sepsis
d. Gas Gangrene

A

Pseudomonas

91
Q

Viral infections do respond to antibiotics (true/false)

A

false

92
Q

The patient presents with symptoms of fever, chills, sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes, which of the following do they most likely have GENERALLY?

a. scarlet fever
b. streptococcal pharyngitis
c. GAS
d. Imetigo

A

GAS

93
Q

The patient presents with signs and symptoms of fever, sore throat, severe pain with swallowing, swollen glands and weakness. What type of strep would you suspect they have?

a. streptococcal cellulitis
b. streptococcal B
c. streptococcal pharyngitis
d. scarlet fever

A

streptococcal pharyngitis

94
Q

The patient presents with signs and symptoms of sore throat, fever, strawberry tongue and rash. What type of infection would you suspect they have?

a. Group B Strep
b. streptococcal pharyngitis
c. scarlet fever
d. Group A Strep

A

scarlet fever

95
Q

Streptococcal cellulitis is inflammation of the _ _ and _ _

A

deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue

96
Q

Streptococcal cellulitis is a result of a _ the skin

A

break

97
Q

how is Streptococcal myositis treated?

A

aggressive surgical debridement and antibiotics

98
Q

Which type of Strep can be spread to joints?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

99
Q

What are signs and symptoms of infectious disease?

A

fever, chills, malaise, nausea/vomiting, sweating

100
Q

Fever over 102 indicates systemic (true/false)

A

true

101
Q

What determines how well aging people handle infection?

A

mental and physical disability
nutritional status
presence of chronic disease

Patho (6 decks)

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