Exam 3 Flashcards
Anterior Pituitary gland secretes what hormones (6)
Growth hormone (GH) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Prolactin Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Posterior Pituitary gland secretes what hormones (2)
Antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin
Thyroid gland secretes what hormones (2)
Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Parathyroid gland secretes what hormone (1)
parathyroid hormone
Adrenal Cortex secretes what hormones (3)
Aldosterone (mineralocorticoid) cortisol (glucocorticoid) Sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen)
Adrenal Medulla secretes what hormones (2)
Epinephrine (catecholamine)
Norepinephrine (catecholamine)
Pancreas secretes what hormones (2)
Insulin
Glucagon
Gonads secretes what hormones (3)
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
What hormones are classified as other
Endorphins
Growth Hormone
Prolactin
Testosterone
Which hormones increase in response to a stressful situation
Endorphins Growth Hormone Prolactin Catecholamines Cortisol
Which hormones decrease in response to a stressful situation
Testosterone
Hyperpituitarism can cause
Gigantism Acromegaly Benign Adenoma Cushing Disease Amenorrhea Hyperthyroidism
Graves Disease is
hyperthyroidism
patient is showing clinical features of
slowing of physical and mental activity
slowing of cardiovascular, GI and neuromuscular function
clinical picture of myxedema
hypothyroidism
Where are the 2 forms of Cushing Syndrome originated from
pituitary gland or adrenal gland
Acromegaly: (increase/decrease) bone thickness and _ of the soft tissues
disease of _ between -
develops (slowly/rapid)
experience _, diplopia, _, blindness and _
features: in hands, _ and _
weakness and changes in _
increased; hypertrophy; adults; 30-50; slowly; headache, lethargy; feet or face, joints
Graves disease is weakness in most prominent (proximal/distal) muscles
proximal
Describe this type of disease
slowing of physical and mental activity
slowing of cardio, GI and neuromuscular function
clinical picture of myxedema
Hypothyroidism
Signs/symptoms of this disease
slow movements, course skin, decreased sweating, hoarseness, paresthesia, cold intolerance, periorbital edema and slow reflex relaxation
Hypothyroidism
Which disease is this
auto antibodies destroy the thyroid gland
associated with a _
thyroid tissue being replaced by _ tissue
Hashimotos
goiter
fibrous
Describe this type of disease with symptoms of
enlarged thyroid gland, weakness, fatigue, forgetfulness, cold sensitivity, unexplained weight gain
Hashimoto’s Disease
What 4 hormones regulate insulin levels?
glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol and GH
What is the major predisposing factor for plantar ulcerations?
peripheral sensory neuropathy
What is the leading cause of death with those with type 2 diabetes?
Coronary Artery Disease
Microvascular disease involves ,, or _
retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy
signs and symptoms:
glove and stocking sensory loss, mild peripheral weakness, absence of reflexes
polyneuropathy
signs and symptoms:
postural hypotension, anhidrosis, gastropathy, diarrhea, gustatory sweating, cardiorespiratory arrest
autonomic neuropathy
What is the triad of things present that leads to amputation
vascular disease, neuropathy, and infection
Severe hypoglycemia is more common in (type 1/type 2)
type 1
Exercise is a challenge to regulate diabetes with (type 1/type 2)
type 1
Diabetic amyotrophy occurs in a (distal to proximal or proximal to distal) pattern
proximal to distal
Aldosterone balances _ and _
fluid and electrolytes
Cortisol is involved in _ and responds to _
metabolism, stress
NE is a (vasoconstrictor/vasodilator)
vasoconstrictor
Insulin and glucagon come from the _ gland and their target organ is _
Pancreas, widespread
How do you treat hypothyroidism?
synthetic thyroid hormone
Syndrome X is (glucose/insulin) intolerance
glucose
Microvascular disease: secondary to _ and _ _ lining abnormalities _ which is a vaso (dilator/constrictor) _ disturbances impaired _
arteriosclerosis and/or atherosclerosis endothelial hyperinsulinemia vasoconstrictor lipid fibrinolysis (can't get rid of clots)
