Hematology

Question 1

The function of red blood cells is to

a. transport oxygen to lungs and tissue through hemoglobin
b. help fight infection
c. help with blood clotting
d. acts as a transport system

Answer 1

transport oxygen to lungs and tissue through hemoglobin

Question 2

Which of the following has the function of transport oxygen to lungs and tissue through hemoglobin

a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. platelets
d. plasma

Answer 2

red blood cells

Question 3

The function of white blood cells is to

a. transport oxygen to lungs and tissue through hemoglobin
b. help fight infection
c. help with blood clotting
d. acts as a transport system

Answer 3

help fight infection

Question 4

List the 3 types of white blood cells

Answer 4

granulocytes
lymphocytes
monocytes

Question 5

Which of the following has the function of helping fight infection?

a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. platelets
d. plasma

Answer 5

white blood cells

Question 6

The function of platelets is

a. transport oxygen to lungs and tissue through hemoglobin
b. help fight infection
c. help with blood clotting
d. acts as a transport system

Answer 6

cell fragments that help with blood clotting

Question 7

Which of the following has the function of helping with blood clots?

a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. platelets
d. plasma

Answer 7

platelets

Question 8

The function of plasma is

a. transport oxygen to lungs and tissue through hemoglobin
b. help fight infection
c. help with blood clotting
d. acts as a transport system

Answer 8

straw-colored liquid which acts as a transport system

Question 9

Which of the following has the function of acting as a transport system?

a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. platelets
d. plasma

Answer 9

plasma

Question 10

The formation of RBC in response to a decreased oxygen supply in the tissue is described as

a. erythropoietin
b. erythropoiesis
c. leukocytosis
d. leukopenia

Answer 10

erythropoiesis

Question 11

A hormone produced in the kidneys which triggers erythropoiesis is described as

a. erythropoietin
b. erythropoiesis
c. leukocytosis
d. leukopenia

Answer 11

erythropoietin

Question 12

The transient increase in number of leukocytes in the blood which may be a normal protective response of the body is described as

a. erythropoietin
b. erythropoiesis
c. leukocytosis
d. leukopenia

Answer 12

leukocytosis

Question 13

A decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood below 5000/ml is described as

a. erythropoietin
b. erythropoiesis
c. leukocytosis
d. leukopenia

Answer 13

leukopenia

Question 14

Anemia is described as

Answer 14

a decrease in red blood cells or subnormal hemoglobin levels

Question 15

Is anemia disease or symptom?

Answer 15

symptom of many other disorders

Question 16

What are the types of etiologic classifications of anemia?

Answer 16

excessive blood loss
destruction of erythrocytes
decreased production of erythrocytes

Question 17

Examples of excessive blood loss

Answer 17

trauma
GI bleed
bleeding ulcer

Question 18

Examples of the destruction of erythrocytes

Answer 18

sickle cell disease
hereditary
leukemia

Question 19

Examples of decreased production of erythrocytes

Answer 19

chronic disease
bone marrow failure
nutritional deficiency

Question 20

define the morphologic classification for normocytic

a. normal size
b. abnormally large
c. abnormally small
d. normal hemoglobin

Answer 20

normal size

Question 21

define the morphologic classification for macrocytic

a. normal size
b. abnormally large
c. abnormally small
d. normal hemoglobin

Answer 21

abnormally large

Question 22

define the morphologic classification for microcytic

a. normal size
b. abnormally large
c. abnormally small
d. normal hemoglobin

Answer 22

abnormally small

Question 23

define the morphologic classification for normochromic

a. normal size
b. abnormally large
c. abnormally small
d. normal hemoglobin

Answer 23

normal hemoglobin

Question 24

Which of the following is described as a high concentration of hemoglobin?

a. hypochromic
b. hyperchromic
c. poikilocytosis
d. anisocytosis

Answer 24

hyperchromic

Question 25

Which of the following is described as a low concentration of hemoglobin? a. hypochromic b. hyperchromic c. poikilocytosis d. anisocytosis

Answer 25

hypochromic

Question 26

Which of the following is described as various sizes? a. hypochromic b. hyperchromic c. poikilocytosis d. anisocytosis

Answer 26

anisocytosis

Question 27

Which of the following is described as various shapes? a. hypochromic b. hyperchromic c. poikilocytosis d. anisocytosis

Answer 27

poikilocytosis

Question 28

What causes a decreased production of erythrocytes?

Answer 28

nutritional issues bone marrow failure hemolytic anemia

Question 29

Nutritional issues include deficiency in _ or _

Answer 29

folic acid deficiency | vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 30

What type of deficiency is the result of inadequate diet or poor absorption caused by intestinal disease? a. vitamin b12 deficiency b. folic acid deficiency

Answer 30

folic acid deficiency

Question 31

What type of deficiency is due to the intrinsic factor and its role in absorption? a. vitamin b12 deficiency b. folic acid deficiency

Answer 31

vitamin b12 deficiency

Question 32

What can be the result of vitamin b12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor?

Answer 32

gastric resection/bypass

Question 33

Anemia of chronic disease is described as a. folic acid deficiency b. vitamin b12 deficiency c. bone marrow failure d. hemolytic anemia

Answer 33

bone marrow failure

Question 34

Bone Marrow failure pathogenesis

Answer 34

injured by drugs or chemicals infiltrated by tumor replaced by fibrous tissue

Question 35

Treatment for bone marrow failure

Answer 35

blood transfusion | transplant highly selected cases

Question 36

Hereditary hemolytic anemia is due to

Answer 36

abnormal hemoglobin shape abnormalities defective hemoglobin synthesis enzyme defects

Question 37

An autoantibody attaches to a RBC and destroys it is describing:

Answer 37

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 38

von Willebrand is a common _ disorder

Answer 38

bleeding disorder

Question 39

What are the bleeding tendencies with von Willebrand

Answer 39

early with epistaxis and easy bruising GI tract during surgical procedures excess loss of blood during menstruation

Question 40

Which of the following is described as an accumulation of immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood? a. acute lymphocytic leukemia b. acute myelogenous leukemia c. chronic lymphocytic leukemia d. chronic myelogenous leukemia

Answer 40

acute lymphocytic leukemia

Question 41

What is described as a rapidly progressive, malignant disease of bone marrow and blood? a. acute lymphocytic leukemia b. acute myelogenous leukemia c. chronic lymphocytic leukemia d. chronic myelogenous leukemia

Answer 41

acute lymphocytic leukemia

Question 42

Causes of acute lymphocytic leukemia:

Answer 42

usually unknown possible environmental factors chromosomal abnormalities

Question 43

What types of cells are involved in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia a. myeloid cells b. monocytes c. B cells d. platelets

Answer 43

monocytes blastic (immature) acidic (mature)

Question 44

What population is most commonly impacted by Acute Lymphocytic leukemia? a. children b. adults

Answer 44

children under the age of 5

Question 45

The prognosis for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is (good/poor)

Answer 45

good for kids if caught soon enough | adults not as good

Question 46

List the clinical manifestations for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Answer 46

neuological manifestations headaches vomiting weakness

Question 47

pts with Acute Lymphocytic or Acute Myelogenous Leukemia are highly susceptible to _ and _

Answer 47

hemorrhage and infection

Question 48

Which of the following is described as an accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood? a. acute lymphocytic leukemia b. acute myelogenous leukemia c. chronic lymphocytic leukemia d. chronic myelogenous leukemia

Answer 48

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

Question 49

Acute Myelogenous is caused by a. poor diet and exercise b. radiation, aplastic anemia, down syndrome, smoking c. unknown d. genetics

Answer 49

radiation, aplastic anemia, down syndrome, smoking

Question 50

What types of cells are involved in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia a. myeloid cells b. monocytes c. B cells d. platelets

Answer 50

hematopoietic stem cell differentiated into myeloid cells

Question 51

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia mainly affects what population? a. adults b. kids

Answer 51

adults

Question 52

The prognosis for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia is (good/poor)

Answer 52

poor - more severe

Question 53

Which of the following is described as a malignant disease of bone marrow and blood? a. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia b. Acute Myelogenous Leukemia c. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia d. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Answer 53

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Question 54

Mutation of _ cells is responsible in most cases for _ Lymphocytic Leukemia

Answer 54

B cells | Chronic

Question 55

What are the causes of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia? a. poor diet and exercise b. radiation, aplastic anemia, down syndrome, smoking c. unknown, genetics, predisposition d. environmental factors

Answer 55

unknown, genetics, predisposition

Question 56

What type of cells are involved in Chronic Lymphocytic? a. myeloid cells b. monocytes c. B cells d. platelets

Answer 56

B cell mutation | neoblastic/cancerous cells resemble lymphocyte cells

Question 57

What population is most impacted by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia a. children b. adults

Answer 57

adults

Question 58

Symptoms of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia are (distinct/vague) or (symptomatic/asymptomatic)

Answer 58

asymptomatic

Question 59

Prognosis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Answer 59

varies based on host

Question 60

(higher/lower) risk with age for Chronic Lymphocytic

Answer 60

higher

Question 61

Clinical manifestations of Chronic Lymphocytic a. fatigue, anorexia, splenomegaly, Philadelphia, asymptomatic b. asymptomatic, extreme fatigue, splenomegaly, bone pain, weight loss, fever c. neurological manifestations, headaches, vomiting, weakness d. acute hemarthrosis, muscle hemorrhage, GI involvement, CNS involvement

Answer 61

``` asymptomatic extreme fatigue splenomegaly bone pain weight loss fever ```

Question 62

Which of the following is an increase in myeloid and erythroid cells and platelets in peripheral blood? a. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia b. Acute Myelogenous Leukemia c. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia d. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Answer 62

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Question 63

Chronic Myelogenous is marked by (hyperplasia/hypoplasia)

Answer 63

hyperplasia

Question 64

Chronic Myelogenous is caused by a. poor diet and exercise b. environmental factors c. unknown, radiation, chromosomal abnormality d. smoking

Answer 64

unknown, radiation, chromosomal abnormality

Question 65

Which type of cells are involved in Chronic Myelogenous? a. B cells b. monocytes c. myeloid cells, erythoid cells, platelets d. all of the above

Answer 65

myeloid cells, erythoid cells, platelets

Question 66

Chronic Myelogenous most commonly impacts what population? a. children b. adults

Answer 66

adults

Question 67

The prognosis for Chronic Myelogenous is (poor/good)

Answer 67

not good only if bone marrow transplant

Question 68

Clinical manifestations for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia a. fatigue, anorexia, splenomegaly, Philadelphia, asymptomatic b. asymptomatic, extreme fatigue, splenomegaly, bone pain, weight loss, fever c. neurological manifestations, headaches, vomiting, weakness d. acute hemarthrosis, muscle hemorrhage, GI involvement, CNS involvement

Answer 68

``` nonspecific signs and symptoms fatigue anorexia splenomegaly asymptomatic Philadelphia chromosome usually present ```

Question 69

Hemophilia is a _ disorder

Answer 69

bleeding disorder

Question 70

Hemophilia is a sex-linked autosomal (recessive/dominant) trait

Answer 70

recessive

Question 71

What are the two types of Hemophilia?

Answer 71

Type A clotting factor VIII | Type B clotting factor IX

Question 72

Which type of Hemophilia is more common? a. Type A b. Type B

Answer 72

Type A

Question 73

Hemophilia is caused by

Answer 73

abnormality of plasma-clotting factors necessary for coagulation

Question 74

Hemophilia bleeding time is _ and flow rate is _

Answer 74

prolonged | normal

Question 75

Clinical manifestations of Hemophilia

Answer 75

acute hemarthrosis (bleeding in the joint) muscle hemorrhage GI involvement CNS involvement

Question 76

PT application for Hemophilia

Answer 76

exercise | be aware of signs and bleeding episode

Question 77

What are 3 types of lymphoid cells? a. granulocytes, myocytes, lymphocytes b. lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, plasma cells

Answer 77

lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, plasma cells

Question 78

The arrest of bleeding after a blood vessel injury

Answer 78

hemostasis

Question 79

What are 2 bleeding disorders?

Answer 79

Hemophilia | von Willebrand

Question 80

Primary Hemostasis is problems with a. impaired VW factor b. absence of VW factor c. impaired tissue factor d. absence of tissue factor

Answer 80

impaired VW factor

Question 81

Bone marrow failure is related to _ of chronic disease

Answer 81

anemia

Question 82

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is more common than hereditary hemolytic anemia (true/false)

Answer 82

false

Question 83

What is the most common bleeding disorder? a. Hemophilia b. anemia c. von Willebrand d. Leukemia

Answer 83

von Willebrand

Question 84

In which type of Leukemia is the Philadelphia chromosome present? a. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia b. Acute Myelogenous Leukemia c. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia d. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Answer 84

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Question 85

Folic acid deficiency can be caused by _ disease

Answer 85

intestinal disease

Question 86

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is an _ of _ cells in the _ _ and _ _

Answer 86

accumulation of immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood

Question 87

How is Acute Myelogenous managed?

Answer 87

chemotherapy reduced remission

Question 88

Typical Leukemia clinical manifestations

Answer 88

``` fever fatigue loss of appetite infections easily to bruise ```