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Wolfpacc Clues > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

How do you know it’s an anaerobic infection?

A

gas and bad odor

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2
Q

What makes an adequate sputum sample?

A

<10 epithelial cells and >25 leukocytes per low power field

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3
Q

What bug causes Acute Bacterial Endocarditis?

A

Staphylococcus aureus (attacks healthy valves)

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4
Q

What bug causes Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis?

A

Steptococcus viridans. (attacks damages valves)

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5
Q

How do you diagnose Rheumatic Fever?

A 
JONES Criteria
J - Joint Involvement
O - Myocarditis
N- Nodules, subcutaneous
E - Erythema Marginatum
S- Sydenham Chorea
((FUCK YOU WOLFPACC TRYING TO GIVE US WEIRD MNEUMONICS))
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6
Q

What are the only Gram-negative diplococci?

A

Neisseria

moraxella

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7
Q

What is the only Gram-positive Diplococci?

A

Streptococcus Pneumonia

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8
Q

What 5 bugs cause heart block infections?

A 
"Don't TeLL Chaga"
D- Diphtheria
T- Typhoid Fever (Salmonella Typhi)
L- Legionella
L- Lyme Disease
C- Chagas Disease (Whipple's)
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9
Q

What are the IgA protease bugs?

A

S. Pneumoniae
H. Influenza
M. Catarrhalis

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10
Q

What do the IgA protease bugs cause?

A

Sinusitis, Otitis Media, Pneumonia/Bronchitis

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11
Q

What are the simple Gram Negative Bugs?

A

They lack Lipopolysaccharides,
“Simple HE”
H - H. Influenza
E - E. Coli

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12
Q

What are the atypical (no cell wall) Bacteria?

A 
"CLUMsy"
C - Chlamydia
L - Legionella
U - Ureaplasma
M - Mycoplasma
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13
Q

What is the only Gram-positive Endotoxin?

A

Listeria

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14
Q

What are the Gram-negative exotoxins?

A

H. Influenza

Bordatella Pertussis

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15
Q

What are the spore forming Gram-positive bacteria?

A

Bacillus

Clostridium

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16
Q

What bugs can cause walking pneumonia?

A 
"Come My Love for a Walk"
0-2 mos: Chlamydia Pneumonia
10-30 years old: Mycoplasma Pneumonia
>40 years old: Legionella pneumonia
AIDS and PREMIES: Pnemonia Carinii
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17
Q

What causes Cryoglobulinemia?

A 
"I AM He"
I - Influenza
A - Adenovirus
M - Mycoplasma
H - Hepatitis B and C
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18
Q

What are the Silver Stainer’s?

A 
"HaLV-C"
H - H. Pylori
L - Listeria
V - Vicrio
C - Campylobacter
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19
Q

What bacteria cause diarrhea <8 hours after introduction?

A

“CBS”
C - Clostridium
B - Bacillus Cereus
S - Staphylococcus aureus

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20
Q

What are the Gram Negative Capsules?

A 
"Some Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules"
S - Salmonella
K - Klebsiella
H - H. Influenza B (HiB)
P - Pseudomonas
N - Neisseria
C - Citrobacter
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21
Q

What is the Gram Positive Capsule?

A

S. Pneumonia

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22
Q

What are the Urease Positive Bugs?

A 
"Urease PPUNCHSB"
P - Proteus
P - Pseudomonas
U - Ureaplasma
N - Nocardia
C - Cryptococcus
H - H. Pylori
S - Staphylococcus Saprophyticus
B - Brucellosis
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23
Q

What bugs cause Monocytosis?

A 
"STELS"
S - Syphilis
T - TB
E - EBV
L - Listeria
S - Salmonella
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24
Q

What are the Big Mama Anaerobes?

A

Bacteroides fragilis
Streptococcus Bovis
C. Melanagosepticus
C. Diff

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25
What bugs disrupt G Proteins?
Pertussis: Inhibits Gi (Turning the off to off allows for stimulation) Chloera: Stimulates Gs (Keeping the on ... on) E. Coli: Stimulates Gs (Keeping the on ... on)
26
What Bacteria cause UTI's and Prostatitis?
E. Coli Proteus Klebsiella Pseudomonas
27
What bug is associated with Cat Scratch?
Bartonella Henselae
28
What bug is associated with cat saliva?
Pasteurella Multocida
29
What bug is associated with cat pee?
Toxoplasmosis
30
What bug is associated with cat feces?
Toxocara Cati
31
What diseases are cause by the Ixodes Ticks?
Lyme Disease - bull's eye lesion Babesiosis - Hemolytic Anemia Ehrlichiosis - puncture near eye
32
What bugs cause hospital abscesses?
Day 1-3: S. Aureus (lots of O2 present) Day 4-7: S. Viridans - no enzyme Day >7: Anaerobes - PMN's
33
What kind of Patients does Staph and Pseudomonas like to attack?
DM, CF, Burn Patients, Neutropenic patients
34
What diseases have Granulomas?
``` "HiTTSS" Hi - Histiocytosis X T - TB T - The -Ella's S - Sarcoidosis S - Syphilis ```
35
What diseases provide malarial protection?
Sickle Cell Anemia: African descent | G-6PD: Mediterranean's
36
What bug causes multiple liver abscesses?
Entamoeba Histolytica
37
What bug causes multiple Cerebral Abscesses?
Citrobacter
38
What disease has multiple lung aneurysms?
Osler-Weber-Rendu (AD Ped disease -- thin vessels in nose, GI, and lungs)
39
What is PIE Syndrome?
Pulmonary Infiltrate with Eosinophilia
40
What diseases have PIE syndrome?
Aspergillus, Loeffler's, Churg-Strauss
41
What is the symptoms of Loeffler Syndrome?
Pulmonary Eosinophilia
42
What bugs cause Loeffler Syndrome?
``` "NASSA" N - Necator Americanus A - Ancylostoma Duodenale S - Schistosomiasis S - Strongyloides A - Ascaris Lumbricoides ```
43
What disease does Coxsackie A cause?
Hand-foot-mouth disease
44
What disease does Coxsackie B cause?
Endocarditis, DM Type I
45
What bugs cause Meningitis?
``` 0-2 months: "baby BEL" B - Group B strep E - E. Coli L - Listeria 2 months to 10 years old: S. Pneumoniae N. Meningitidis 10-21 years old: N. Meningitidis 21 years and up: S. Pneumoniae ```
46
What are the CSF lab values for Meningitis?
PMN's -> Bacteria T cells / Macrophages -> Non-bacterial Normal Glucose -> Viral
47
What does the Hep B Core Ag tell you?
Gone before patient has symptoms (present from 0-2 months)
48
What does the Core Ab tell you?
Past infection
49
Waht does the Surface Ag tell you?
Alone it means it's been occupied/ with other markers it means it is a current infection, if present for > 6 months it's chronic
50
What does the surface Ab tell you?
Vaccination has occurred
51
What does the E Ag tell you?
Transmissibility/ Infectivity
52
What does the E Ab tell you?
Low transmissibility
53
What antibody shows current Hep A infection?
IgM
54
What antibody shows past Hep A infection?
IgG
55
What type of people does Hep E like to infect?
Pregnant women (3rd trimester), Asians
56
What is associated with S. Aureus?
Cellulitis, Dairy products, Gold pigment, Endocarditis, Styes, Hordeolum (on eyelid)
57
What is associated with Propionibacterium acnes?
Acne, Progesterone => Propionic acid
58
What is associated with Paseurella Multocida?
Cat/Dog saliva => Cellulits with lymphadenitis
59
What is associated with H. Aegyptius?
Swollen eyeball with pus
60
Waht is associated with S. Saprophyticus?
Female with UTI's (2nd cause), honeymooner's cystitis
61
What is associated with Francisella Tularensis?
Ulcers at rabbit or deer tick bite site | Rx: Streptomycin
62
What is associated with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa?
Otitis Externa, Ecthyma Gangrenosum, loves rubber, Whirlpool Folliculitis, exotoxin (ADP ribosylates EF-2)
63
What is associated with S. Pneumoniae?
Otitis Media, red bulging TM
64
What is associated with Fusobacterium?
Painful mouth ulcers, gum pus, Vincent's angina
65
What is associated with Strep Viridans, Strep Mutans, and Strep Salivarius?
Subacute bacterial Endocarditis, green pigment, Alpha Hemolytic Strep Mutans - dental caries Strep Salivarius - cold agglutinates
66
What is associated with Strep Pyogenes?
Rheumatic Fever, PSGN, Impetigo, Pharyngitis, Nec Fasc
67
What is associated with Group C Strep?
Pharyngitis
68
What is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheriae?
Chinese letters under microscope, gray Pseudomembrane, heart block, suffocation = death, ADP Ribosylates EF2, Elek's Test
69
What is associated with S. Pneumoniae?
Gram-positive diplococci, rusty sputum, IgA Protease, vaccine covers 23 strains
70
What is associated with H. Influenzae?
Gram-negative Pleomorphic Rod, Factors V and X, 5 carbon Ribose capsule, HiB type causes Meningitis, Epiglottitis, and Sepsis
71
What is Associated with M. Catarrhalis?
It loves Mucus: it attacks the respiratory tract
72
What is associated with Chlamydia psittaci?
Parakeets and Parrots are the carrier agent
73
What is associated with Chlamydia Pneumonia?
``` Staccato coughing, parasite with DNA and RNAs: Elementary body (Infectious phase) Reticulate Body (resting phase - can't divide) ```
74
What is associated with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae?
Bullous myringitis, Ground Glass CXR, P-1 Protein, Erythema Multiforme
75
What is associated with Legionella Pneumoniae?
Found in AC ducts, silver stains lung, CYEA Pontiac Fever, Legionnaire's Pneumonia
76
What is associated with (PCP) Pneumocystis Carinii pnemonia?
AIDS and preemies, rusty sputum, silver stains the lungs, increased LDH, Treat with steroids
77
What is associated with C. Botulinum?
Canned food, honey, inhibits ACh release, respiratory failure, stool toxin, treat with Penicillin
78
What is associated with C. Tetani?
Rusty nail wounds - inhibits GLY release, respiratory failure, Risus Sardonicus, tennis racquet shaped appearance
79
What is associated with Bordetella Pertussis?
Whooping cough, ADP ribosylates Gi
80
What is associated with Bacillus Anthracis?
Black Eschar, Wool Sorter's Lung disease | D-Glu, boxcar-like spore, treat with Cipro
81
What is assocaited with H. Pylori?
95% causative agent in Duodenal Ulcers
82
What is assocaited with Salmonella?
Loves to hide in the gallbladder if treated. Do not treat this infection medically, raw chicken and eggs, turtles, rose typhoid spots, H2S (sulfur producing), Sickle Cell patients with Salmonella infection leads to Osteomyelitis
83
What is assocaited with Campylobacter Jejuni?
Raw chicken and eggs, dog poop, bloody diarrhea, comma, "seagull" shaped bug inactivated by gastric juice and can precipitate Guillain Barre Treat with Erythromycin
84
What is associated with Clostridium Perfringens?
Holiday ham and turkey - left out on counter and Clostridium jumps on and waits, enterotoxin causes Gastroenteritis, food gets reheated - bug is loving life, DM patients get Gas Gangrene due to the alpha toxin, also found in soil and feces
85
What is associated with Bacillus Cereus?
Fried rice syndrome, preformed toxin
86
What is associated with Listeria?
Raw cabbage, hot dogs, cold cuts, and spoiled milk, likes cold environment Must avoid these foods in pregnancy, also seen in migrant workers Causes: abortions, Meningitis, and heart block
87
What is associated with Vibrio Parahaemolyticus?
Raw Fish, Gs Stimulation via ADP- ribosylation = HIGH cAMP, Turns the on... on
88
What is associated with Actinomyces?
Face Fistulas, Sulfur Granules
89
What is associated with Vibrio Cholera?
Rice Water Diarrhea, ADP- Ribosylates Gs = High cAMP, Turning the on... on
90
What is associated with Vibrio Vulnificus?
Raw Oyster - common in workers shucking the oysters, cellulitis in swimmer's cuts
91
What is associated with Shigella?
Day care outbreaks, seizures, destroys the 60S ribosome, infects M-cells
92
What is associated with C. Diff
Explosive diarrhea = Pseudomembranous Colitis
93
What is associated with Yersinia Enterocolitica?
Presents like appendicitis and Reiter's | Bloody Diarrhea
94
What is assocaited with Strep Bovis?
Colon Cancer, black pigment
95
What is associated with Clostridium Melangosepticus?
Colon CA
96
What is associated with ETEC?
Traveler's Diarrhea = rice water diarrhea
97
What is associated with EHEC?
Hemorrhagic = renal failure
98
What is associated with EIEC?
Inflammatory = loose stool
99
What is associated with EPEC?
Pathogenic = newborn diarrhea
100
What is associated with E. Coli?
Raw hamburger, ADP- Ribosylates Gs (increased cAMP) | Verotoxin, HUS in kids and elderly
101
What is associated with P. Mirabilis?
Staghorn Calculus, UTI, Urease Positive, Treat with Norfloxacin
102
What is associated with Klebsiella Pneumonia?
Alcoholics, Currant Jelly Sputum, UTI, Lung fissures
103
What is associated with Staph Saprophyticus?
Seen in young girls / women who became sexually active, E. Coli is still the #1 cause of UTI's
104
What is associated with Enterococcus?
UTI, infective Endocarditis post GI/GU procedure
105
What is associated with N. Meningitidis?
DIC, Pili, Only bug that releases toxin in the log phase
106
Waht is associated with Brucella?
Seen in farmers/ Vets, Animal placentas are the vector, Spiking fever 5 times a day
107
What is associated with R. Rickettsii?
Ticks = Rocky Mountain spotted fever
108
What is associated with R. Akari?
Mites
109
What is associated with R. Prowazekii?
Lice = Starts on body
110
What is associated with R. Tsutsugamushi?
Chiggers (Mites) = Scrub Typhus
111
What is associated with Coxiella Burnetii?
Dusty Barn = Q fever
112
What is associated with Yersinia Pestis?
Rats & Flease = Bubonic Plague
113
What is associated with Bartonella Henselae?
Cat Scratch = Single painful lymph node, Stains silver
114
What is associated with Bacteroides Fragilis?
Post Op bowel abscess, grows in blood clots
115
What is associated with Chlamydia Trachomatis?
Neonatal in-turned eyelashes, Corneal Ulcers
116
What is associated with N. Gonorrhea?
Pili, Urethritis, Tenosynovitis, Septic arthritis
117
What is the only Crescent Shaped Protozoa?
Giardia Lamblia
118
What are the Comma (curved) shaped bugs?
Vibrio, Campylobacter, Listeria, H. Pylori

Wolfpacc Clues (17 decks)

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