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Wolfpacc Clues > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

How do you know it’s an anaerobic infection?

A

gas and bad odor

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2
Q

What makes an adequate sputum sample?

A

<10 epithelial cells and >25 leukocytes per low power field

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3
Q

What bug causes Acute Bacterial Endocarditis?

A

Staphylococcus aureus (attacks healthy valves)

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4
Q

What bug causes Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis?

A

Steptococcus viridans. (attacks damages valves)

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5
Q

How do you diagnose Rheumatic Fever?

A 
JONES Criteria
J - Joint Involvement
O - Myocarditis
N- Nodules, subcutaneous
E - Erythema Marginatum
S- Sydenham Chorea
((FUCK YOU WOLFPACC TRYING TO GIVE US WEIRD MNEUMONICS))
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6
Q

What are the only Gram-negative diplococci?

A

Neisseria

moraxella

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7
Q

What is the only Gram-positive Diplococci?

A

Streptococcus Pneumonia

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8
Q

What 5 bugs cause heart block infections?

A 
"Don't TeLL Chaga"
D- Diphtheria
T- Typhoid Fever (Salmonella Typhi)
L- Legionella
L- Lyme Disease
C- Chagas Disease (Whipple's)
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9
Q

What are the IgA protease bugs?

A

S. Pneumoniae
H. Influenza
M. Catarrhalis

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10
Q

What do the IgA protease bugs cause?

A

Sinusitis, Otitis Media, Pneumonia/Bronchitis

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11
Q

What are the simple Gram Negative Bugs?

A

They lack Lipopolysaccharides,
“Simple HE”
H - H. Influenza
E - E. Coli

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12
Q

What are the atypical (no cell wall) Bacteria?

A 
"CLUMsy"
C - Chlamydia
L - Legionella
U - Ureaplasma
M - Mycoplasma
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13
Q

What is the only Gram-positive Endotoxin?

A

Listeria

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14
Q

What are the Gram-negative exotoxins?

A

H. Influenza

Bordatella Pertussis

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15
Q

What are the spore forming Gram-positive bacteria?

A

Bacillus

Clostridium

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16
Q

What bugs can cause walking pneumonia?

A 
"Come My Love for a Walk"
0-2 mos: Chlamydia Pneumonia
10-30 years old: Mycoplasma Pneumonia
>40 years old: Legionella pneumonia
AIDS and PREMIES: Pnemonia Carinii
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17
Q

What causes Cryoglobulinemia?

A 
"I AM He"
I - Influenza
A - Adenovirus
M - Mycoplasma
H - Hepatitis B and C
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18
Q

What are the Silver Stainer’s?

A 
"HaLV-C"
H - H. Pylori
L - Listeria
V - Vicrio
C - Campylobacter
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19
Q

What bacteria cause diarrhea <8 hours after introduction?

A

“CBS”
C - Clostridium
B - Bacillus Cereus
S - Staphylococcus aureus

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20
Q

What are the Gram Negative Capsules?

A 
"Some Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules"
S - Salmonella
K - Klebsiella
H - H. Influenza B (HiB)
P - Pseudomonas
N - Neisseria
C - Citrobacter
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21
Q

What is the Gram Positive Capsule?

A

S. Pneumonia

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22
Q

What are the Urease Positive Bugs?

A 
"Urease PPUNCHSB"
P - Proteus
P - Pseudomonas
U - Ureaplasma
N - Nocardia
C - Cryptococcus
H - H. Pylori
S - Staphylococcus Saprophyticus
B - Brucellosis
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23
Q

What bugs cause Monocytosis?

A 
"STELS"
S - Syphilis
T - TB
E - EBV
L - Listeria
S - Salmonella
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24
Q

What are the Big Mama Anaerobes?

A

Bacteroides fragilis
Streptococcus Bovis
C. Melanagosepticus
C. Diff

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25
Q

What bugs disrupt G Proteins?

A

Pertussis: Inhibits Gi (Turning the off to off allows for stimulation)
Chloera: Stimulates Gs (Keeping the on … on)
E. Coli: Stimulates Gs (Keeping the on … on)

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26
Q

What Bacteria cause UTI’s and Prostatitis?

A

E. Coli
Proteus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas

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27
Q

What bug is associated with Cat Scratch?

A

Bartonella Henselae

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28
Q

What bug is associated with cat saliva?

A

Pasteurella Multocida

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29
Q

What bug is associated with cat pee?

A

Toxoplasmosis

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30
Q

What bug is associated with cat feces?

A

Toxocara Cati

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31
Q

What diseases are cause by the Ixodes Ticks?

A

Lyme Disease - bull’s eye lesion
Babesiosis - Hemolytic Anemia
Ehrlichiosis - puncture near eye

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32
Q

What bugs cause hospital abscesses?

A

Day 1-3: S. Aureus (lots of O2 present)
Day 4-7: S. Viridans - no enzyme
Day >7: Anaerobes - PMN’s

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33
Q

What kind of Patients does Staph and Pseudomonas like to attack?

A

DM, CF, Burn Patients, Neutropenic patients

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34
Q

What diseases have Granulomas?

A 
"HiTTSS"
Hi - Histiocytosis X
T - TB
T - The -Ella's
S - Sarcoidosis
S - Syphilis
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35
Q

What diseases provide malarial protection?

A

Sickle Cell Anemia: African descent

G-6PD: Mediterranean’s

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36
Q

What bug causes multiple liver abscesses?

A

Entamoeba Histolytica

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37
Q

What bug causes multiple Cerebral Abscesses?

A

Citrobacter

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38
Q

What disease has multiple lung aneurysms?

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu (AD Ped disease – thin vessels in nose, GI, and lungs)

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39
Q

What is PIE Syndrome?

A

Pulmonary Infiltrate with Eosinophilia

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40
Q

What diseases have PIE syndrome?

A

Aspergillus, Loeffler’s, Churg-Strauss

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41
Q

What is the symptoms of Loeffler Syndrome?

A

Pulmonary Eosinophilia

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42
Q

What bugs cause Loeffler Syndrome?

A 
"NASSA"
N - Necator Americanus
A - Ancylostoma Duodenale
S - Schistosomiasis
S - Strongyloides
A - Ascaris Lumbricoides
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43
Q

What disease does Coxsackie A cause?

A

Hand-foot-mouth disease

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44
Q

What disease does Coxsackie B cause?

A

Endocarditis, DM Type I

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45
Q

What bugs cause Meningitis?

A 
0-2 months: "baby BEL"
  B - Group B strep
  E - E. Coli
  L - Listeria
2 months to 10 years old:
  S. Pneumoniae
  N. Meningitidis
10-21 years old:
  N. Meningitidis
21 years and up:
  S. Pneumoniae
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46
Q

What are the CSF lab values for Meningitis?

A

PMN’s -> Bacteria
T cells / Macrophages -> Non-bacterial
Normal Glucose -> Viral

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47
Q

What does the Hep B Core Ag tell you?

A

Gone before patient has symptoms (present from 0-2 months)

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48
Q

What does the Core Ab tell you?

A

Past infection

49
Q

Waht does the Surface Ag tell you?

A

Alone it means it’s been occupied/ with other markers it means it is a current infection, if present for > 6 months it’s chronic

50
Q

What does the surface Ab tell you?

A

Vaccination has occurred

51
Q

What does the E Ag tell you?

A

Transmissibility/ Infectivity

52
Q

What does the E Ab tell you?

A

Low transmissibility

53
Q

What antibody shows current Hep A infection?

A

IgM

54
Q

What antibody shows past Hep A infection?

A

IgG

55
Q

What type of people does Hep E like to infect?

A

Pregnant women (3rd trimester), Asians

56
Q

What is associated with S. Aureus?

A

Cellulitis, Dairy products, Gold pigment, Endocarditis, Styes, Hordeolum (on eyelid)

57
Q

What is associated with Propionibacterium acnes?

A

Acne, Progesterone => Propionic acid

58
Q

What is associated with Paseurella Multocida?

A

Cat/Dog saliva => Cellulits with lymphadenitis

59
Q

What is associated with H. Aegyptius?

A

Swollen eyeball with pus

60
Q

Waht is associated with S. Saprophyticus?

A

Female with UTI’s (2nd cause), honeymooner’s cystitis

61
Q

What is associated with Francisella Tularensis?

A

Ulcers at rabbit or deer tick bite site

Rx: Streptomycin

62
Q

What is associated with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa?

A

Otitis Externa, Ecthyma Gangrenosum, loves rubber, Whirlpool Folliculitis, exotoxin (ADP ribosylates EF-2)

63
Q

What is associated with S. Pneumoniae?

A

Otitis Media, red bulging TM

64
Q

What is associated with Fusobacterium?

A

Painful mouth ulcers, gum pus, Vincent’s angina

65
Q

What is associated with Strep Viridans, Strep Mutans, and Strep Salivarius?

A

Subacute bacterial Endocarditis, green pigment, Alpha Hemolytic
Strep Mutans - dental caries
Strep Salivarius - cold agglutinates

66
Q

What is associated with Strep Pyogenes?

A

Rheumatic Fever, PSGN, Impetigo, Pharyngitis, Nec Fasc

67
Q

What is associated with Group C Strep?

A

Pharyngitis

68
Q

What is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheriae?

A

Chinese letters under microscope, gray Pseudomembrane, heart block, suffocation = death, ADP Ribosylates EF2, Elek’s Test

69
Q

What is associated with S. Pneumoniae?

A

Gram-positive diplococci, rusty sputum, IgA Protease, vaccine covers 23 strains

70
Q

What is associated with H. Influenzae?

A

Gram-negative Pleomorphic Rod, Factors V and X, 5 carbon Ribose capsule, HiB type causes Meningitis, Epiglottitis, and Sepsis

71
Q

What is Associated with M. Catarrhalis?

A

It loves Mucus: it attacks the respiratory tract

72
Q

What is associated with Chlamydia psittaci?

A

Parakeets and Parrots are the carrier agent

73
Q

What is associated with Chlamydia Pneumonia?

A 
Staccato coughing, parasite with DNA and RNAs:
Elementary body (Infectious phase)
  Reticulate Body (resting phase - can't divide)
74
Q

What is associated with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae?

A

Bullous myringitis, Ground Glass CXR, P-1 Protein, Erythema Multiforme

75
Q

What is associated with Legionella Pneumoniae?

A

Found in AC ducts, silver stains lung, CYEA
Pontiac Fever, Legionnaire’s
Pneumonia

76
Q

What is associated with (PCP) Pneumocystis Carinii pnemonia?

A

AIDS and preemies, rusty sputum, silver stains the lungs, increased LDH, Treat with steroids

77
Q

What is associated with C. Botulinum?

A

Canned food, honey, inhibits ACh release, respiratory failure, stool toxin, treat with Penicillin

78
Q

What is associated with C. Tetani?

A

Rusty nail wounds - inhibits GLY release, respiratory failure, Risus Sardonicus, tennis racquet shaped appearance

79
Q

What is associated with Bordetella Pertussis?

A

Whooping cough, ADP ribosylates Gi

80
Q

What is associated with Bacillus Anthracis?

A

Black Eschar, Wool Sorter’s Lung disease

D-Glu, boxcar-like spore, treat with Cipro

81
Q

What is assocaited with H. Pylori?

A

95% causative agent in Duodenal Ulcers

82
Q

What is assocaited with Salmonella?

A

Loves to hide in the gallbladder if treated.
Do not treat this infection medically, raw chicken and eggs, turtles, rose typhoid spots, H2S (sulfur producing), Sickle Cell patients with Salmonella infection leads to Osteomyelitis

83
Q

What is assocaited with Campylobacter Jejuni?

A

Raw chicken and eggs, dog poop, bloody diarrhea, comma, “seagull” shaped bug
inactivated by gastric juice and can precipitate Guillain Barre
Treat with Erythromycin

84
Q

What is associated with Clostridium Perfringens?

A

Holiday ham and turkey - left out on counter and Clostridium jumps on and waits, enterotoxin causes Gastroenteritis, food gets reheated - bug is loving life, DM patients get Gas Gangrene due to the alpha toxin, also found in soil and feces

85
Q

What is associated with Bacillus Cereus?

A

Fried rice syndrome, preformed toxin

86
Q

What is associated with Listeria?

A

Raw cabbage, hot dogs, cold cuts, and spoiled milk, likes cold environment
Must avoid these foods in pregnancy, also seen in migrant workers
Causes: abortions, Meningitis, and heart block

87
Q

What is associated with Vibrio Parahaemolyticus?

A

Raw Fish, Gs Stimulation via ADP- ribosylation = HIGH cAMP, Turns the on… on

88
Q

What is associated with Actinomyces?

A

Face Fistulas, Sulfur Granules

89
Q

What is associated with Vibrio Cholera?

A

Rice Water Diarrhea, ADP- Ribosylates Gs = High cAMP, Turning the on… on

90
Q

What is associated with Vibrio Vulnificus?

A

Raw Oyster - common in workers shucking the oysters, cellulitis in swimmer’s cuts

91
Q

What is associated with Shigella?

A

Day care outbreaks, seizures, destroys the 60S ribosome, infects M-cells

92
Q

What is associated with C. Diff

A

Explosive diarrhea = Pseudomembranous Colitis

93
Q

What is associated with Yersinia Enterocolitica?

A

Presents like appendicitis and Reiter’s

Bloody Diarrhea

94
Q

What is assocaited with Strep Bovis?

A

Colon Cancer, black pigment

95
Q

What is associated with Clostridium Melangosepticus?

A

Colon CA

96
Q

What is associated with ETEC?

A

Traveler’s Diarrhea = rice water diarrhea

97
Q

What is associated with EHEC?

A

Hemorrhagic = renal failure

98
Q

What is associated with EIEC?

A

Inflammatory = loose stool

99
Q

What is associated with EPEC?

A

Pathogenic = newborn diarrhea

100
Q

What is associated with E. Coli?

A

Raw hamburger, ADP- Ribosylates Gs (increased cAMP)

Verotoxin, HUS in kids and elderly

101
Q

What is associated with P. Mirabilis?

A

Staghorn Calculus, UTI, Urease Positive, Treat with Norfloxacin

102
Q

What is associated with Klebsiella Pneumonia?

A

Alcoholics, Currant Jelly Sputum, UTI, Lung fissures

103
Q

What is associated with Staph Saprophyticus?

A

Seen in young girls / women who became sexually active, E. Coli is still the #1 cause of UTI’s

104
Q

What is associated with Enterococcus?

A

UTI, infective Endocarditis post GI/GU procedure

105
Q

What is associated with N. Meningitidis?

A

DIC, Pili, Only bug that releases toxin in the log phase

106
Q

Waht is associated with Brucella?

A

Seen in farmers/ Vets, Animal placentas are the vector, Spiking fever 5 times a day

107
Q

What is associated with R. Rickettsii?

A

Ticks = Rocky Mountain spotted fever

108
Q

What is associated with R. Akari?

A

Mites

109
Q

What is associated with R. Prowazekii?

A

Lice = Starts on body

110
Q

What is associated with R. Tsutsugamushi?

A

Chiggers (Mites) = Scrub Typhus

111
Q

What is associated with Coxiella Burnetii?

A

Dusty Barn = Q fever

112
Q

What is associated with Yersinia Pestis?

A

Rats & Flease = Bubonic Plague

113
Q

What is associated with Bartonella Henselae?

A

Cat Scratch = Single painful lymph node, Stains silver

114
Q

What is associated with Bacteroides Fragilis?

A

Post Op bowel abscess, grows in blood clots

115
Q

What is associated with Chlamydia Trachomatis?

A

Neonatal in-turned eyelashes, Corneal Ulcers

116
Q

What is associated with N. Gonorrhea?

A

Pili, Urethritis, Tenosynovitis, Septic arthritis

117
Q

What is the only Crescent Shaped Protozoa?

A

Giardia Lamblia

118
Q

What are the Comma (curved) shaped bugs?

A

Vibrio, Campylobacter, Listeria, H. Pylori

Wolfpacc Clues (17 decks)

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