infections in pediatrics

Question 1

presentation of measles

Answer 1

1. prodromal symptoms of fever, cough, and conjunctivitis
2. then koplik spots (white lesions) that appear inside checks
3. maculopapular rash that starts behind the ears and spreads to torso. diseases stops being infectious at day 5 of rash

Question 2

complications of measles?

Answer 2

1. pneumonia
2. encephalitis
3. subacute sclerosing panncephalitis

Question 3

clinical presentation of mumps?

Answer 3

fever, malaise, and parotitis (swelling and tenderness, mostly bilateral). disease stops being infectious at 7 days of parotitis

Question 4

complications of mumps?

Answer 4

encephalitis
meningitis
orchitis (infertility)

Question 5

clinical presentation of rubella?

Answer 5

1. prodromal symptoms of fever and headache
2. erythematous macular rash starts on the face and spread with positive posterior auricular lymphadenopathy

Question 6

complications of rubella?

Answer 6

1. encephalitis
2. arthritis
3. if pregnanct, congenital rubella syndrome

Question 7

clinical presentation of chicken pox?

Answer 7

fever and widespread vesicular rash which crusts after a few days, disease stops being infectious at day 7 of the rash

Question 8

complications of chickenpox ?

Answer 8

bacterial superinfection
VZV pneumonia

Question 9

fifth disease is also caused ? 2

Answer 9

erythema infectiosum
slapped cheeks

Question 10

erythema infectiosum is caused by what?

Answer 10

Parvovirus B19

Question 11

clinical presentation of erythema infectiosum?

Answer 11

prodromal period of fever, and then erythematous macular rash on cheeks (slapped cheeks appearance) which spread to arms and extensor surface

Question 12

complications of erythema infectiosum?

Answer 12

aplastic crises in sickle cell
fetal hydrops in pregnancy

Question 13

what is another name for sixth disease?

Answer 13

roseola infantum

Question 14

what is the cause of roseola infantum?

Answer 14

HHV-6

Question 15

presentation of roseola infantum?

Answer 15

fever, pharyngitis and lymphadenopathy. rose pink macular rash rash appearing at the end of the illness

Question 16

complication of roseola infantum ?

Answer 16

may occasionally cause febrile seizures

Question 17

hand foot and mouth disease is caused by ?

Answer 17

coxsackie virus

Question 18

clinical manifestations of hand foot and mouth disease?

Answer 18

sore throat and dysphagia
vesicles in mouth hands and feet
lasts only 7 days and doesn’t require treatment

Question 19

what causes scarlet fever?

Answer 19

strep progenies (group A strep)

Question 20

what age group does scarlet fever commonly appear in ?

Answer 20

2-10

Question 21

clinical presentation of scarlet fever?

Answer 21

high fever
sore throat
widespread erythematous rash with red cheeks and perioral sparing
strawberry tongue (same as Kawasaki)
**rash has sandpaper like feeling

Question 22

treatment of scarlet fever?

Answer 22

penicillin V for 10 days

Question 23

complications of scarlet fever

Answer 23

rheumatic fever
pneumonia
menignitis