Infections and infection control Flashcards
What are the major groups of microorganisms
Parasites, algae, fungi, protozoa, bacteria
How can microorganisms gain entry to the body?
Occur in any body system, resident macro bacteria, transient or unknown organisms, community or hospital acquired organisms.
What infection control strategies can decrease the risk or severity of infections and disease?
Sterilisation, disinfection, antisepsis, pasteurisation, sanitisation
What are the major prokaryotic cell morphology (shape) types?
Coccus (Spherical)
Bacillus (Rod Shaped)
Spirillum (Spiral Forms)
What is the importance of the key structures of the prokaryotic cell and their use as virulence factors including the role of the endospore as plasmid?
Endospores- Protect genetic information in adverse environmental conditions.
Prokaryotes- have thick strong reasonably rigid, support weak cytoplasm membrane adding, high internal osmotic pressure
define capsules
A though sheath or membrane that encloses an organ or other structure in the body, such as a kidney or a synovial joint
Define Endospores
A way of protecting genetic information in adverse environmental condition
Define binary fission
Is asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies
Define Flagella
Cell can move to a better /less toxic environment
How does the prokaryote reproduce?
Binary fission
What are the key components of a virus?
Tow morphological groups, helical ?& isometric and icosahedral
Genome, Capsid (coat protein), lipid envelope, spikes (peplomers)
What are some disease / infections that are caused by viruses?
Hepatitis, Epstein barr virus
What are the different forms of fungi and what is their clinical importance?
Different forms of fungi: mushroom, yeasts, moulds (filamentous) fungi
benefits - penicillium
What are they key differences between sexual and asexual reproduction in fungi?
Asexual - by budding or fission
Sexual- spore formation or conjugation of cells
what are the different types of parasites and what is their clinical importance?
Two types of parasites: Ectoparasites (live on their hosts) and endoparasites (live within the bodies of their hosts)