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SRNA Pharmacology Exam 2 > Infections > Flashcards

Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Cell Wall Destruction (Rx)

A

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

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2
Q

Cell Membrane (Rx)

A

Polymyxins

Most antifungals

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3
Q

Essential Nutrients (Rx)

A

Sulfonamides

Antifolates

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4
Q

Protein Synthesis

A

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

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5
Q

DNA Synthesis

A

Quinolones

Antineoplastics

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6
Q

Resistance : Intrinsic

A

innately resistant to begin with

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7
Q

Resistance: Acquired

A

resistant from survival of fitest

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8
Q

DNA types (4)

A

mutation
transduction - bacteriophage
transformation - bacteria engulfes the bad
conjugation - two different organisms build bridge and transfer dna to eachother

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9
Q

Resistance Vocabulary (Transport)

A

Can’t get drug into the cell

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10
Q

Resistance Vocabulary (Biotransformation)

A

needs to get activated once inside cell and can’t

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11
Q

Resistance Vocabulary (Binding affinity)

A

drug has to bind to the active site

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12
Q

Resistance Vocabulary (Non-specific binding)

A

too many sites to bind to that aren’t the target site.

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13
Q

BAD
Better
Best
(combination terms)

A

Antagonist (S+C)
Additive (S+S)
Synergistic (C+C)

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14
Q

Static vs Cidal (Rx)

A

S: Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin

C: Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides

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15
Q

Hx: Ehrlich

A

Selective toxicity based on different chemoreceptors

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16
Q

Hx: Fleming & Florey

A

Mold (fungus) contamination of Staph plate inhibited growth of Staph. Partial purification of penicillin from mold

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17
Q

Hx: Dubois

A

Isolation of microorganisms from the soil that were capable of killing bacteria. Streptomycin first, then erythromycin, tetracycline,
chloramphenicol, polymyxin

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18
Q

Hx: Brotzu

A

Isolated a fungus from sewage outlet into sea water. Competitive environment. Cephalosporin extracted from fungus

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19
Q

Sulfonamides (uses)

A

UTI
Ear infections
Prostatitis

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20
Q

Penicillins (Rx staph & strep)

A

Penicillin V

Methicillin

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21
Q

Penicillins (Rx, gram (-) coverage)

extension coverage

A

Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Piperacillin

All combined with Beta Lactamase inhibitor so it doesn’t deactivate the penicillin ring.

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22
Q

Cephalosporins (uses)

A

Most commonly prescribed for infections,
Most commonly used surgical prophylaxis
Similar MOA as PCN

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23
Q

Cephalosporins (Generations & Rx)

A 
1st
Cefazolin - surgical proph.
2nd
Cefaclor - influenzae
3rd
Ceftriaxone - Gonorrhea
Cefixime - Resp Strep
4th
Cefepime - Pseudomonas
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24
Q

Carbapenems (uses)

A

Broad spectrum

Very good when PCN allergy is around and Zosyn can’t be used.

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25
Q

Carbapenems (Rx)

A

Meropenem
Imipenem
Aztreonam

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26
Q

Vancomycin
( - OR + )
(Administration)

A

Gram +
Redman syndrome
Shock possible \BP with anesthesia.

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27
Q

Bacitracin

- OR +

A

gram +

Topical

28
Q

Polymyxin B
(Use)
(Administration)

A

Gram - topical

NMB potentiated with IV doses

29
Q

Aminoglycosides
(MOA)
(Side E.)

A

Ribosomal 30s

Kidney and Eye toxic

30
Q

Aminoglycosides

Rx

A

Gentamicin (broad)

Tobramycin (Pseudomonas)

31
Q

Tetracyclines
(MOA)
(Side E.)

A

Ribosomal 30s
Photosensitivity

Minocycline
Doxycycline

32
Q

Tigecycline (use)

A

Broad coverage when PCN allergy

33
Q

Erythromycin

A

Macrolide 50s

34
Q

Clarithromycin

A

Macrolide 50s

35
Q

Clindamycin

A

Macrolide 50s

36
Q

Linezolid

A

Macrolide 50s

37
Q

Macrolies

Side E.

A

QT prolonged

C.Diff (Clinda)

38
Q

Polymyxins

Caution

A

prolongs NMB

39
Q

Quinolones
(MOA)
(use)
-xacin

A

Holds DNA in tight coil

UTI’s
Cipro:
Pseudomonas
Anthrax

40
Q

Quinolones

Side E.

A

QT Prolonged

41
Q

Metronidazole

Uses

A

anaerobics

metallic taste and furry tounge

42
Q

Nystatin

A

Antifungal

topical

43
Q

Amphotericin

A

Antifungal

systemic (sedate for side effects: chills fever H/A)

44
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Antifungal

oral

45
Q

Fluconazol

A

Antifungal

oral / IV

46
Q

Itraconazole

A

Antifungal

oral

47
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Antifungal

Mitotic spindle (microtubules)

48
Q

Terbinafine

A

Antifungal

Skin (ringworm, nails, ect)

49
Q

Antifungals

Anesthesia

A

LA’s potentiates growth inhibitory effects

50
Q

Iododeoxyuridine

A

Antiviral

Topical
Herpes

51
Q

Interferon

A

Antiviral

Hepatitis

52
Q

Acyclovir

A

Antiviral
Herpes

Toxic (anorexia, Nausea H/A rash)

53
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Antiviral

Cytomegalovirus

54
Q

Saquinavir

A

Antiviral

55
Q

Amantadine

A

Antiviral

Toxic (CNS dizzy)

56
Q

Ribavirin

A

Antiviral

Resp Syncytial virus in kids RSV

57
Q

Oseltamavir

A

Antiviral

Tamiflu

58
Q

AZT
Norvir
Efavirenz

A

HIV

Antiretrovirals

59
Q

Isoniazid

A

AntiTB

60
Q

Rifampin

A

AntiTB

RNA polymerase

61
Q

Ethambutol

A

AntiTB

arabinogalactan (cell wall stuff)

62
Q

Pyrazinamide

A

AntiTB

63
Q

Chloroquine

A

Antimalarials

64
Q

Primaquine

A

Antimalarials

65
Q

Pyrimethamine

A

Antimalarials

SRNA Pharmacology Exam 2 (6 decks)

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