Infection Prevention

Question 1

What is endemic disease?

Answer 1

Usual background rate of infection (R0)

Question 2

What is an outbreak?

Answer 2

When two or more cases are linked in time and place

Question 3

What is an empidemic?

Answer 3

When the rate of infection is greater than normal background rate

Question 4

What is a pandemic?

Answer 4

Very high rate if infection spreading across man regions, countries and continents

Question 5

What are interventions at pathogen level?

Answer 5

Eradication- antibacterials, decontamination, sterilisation, reduction in vector breeding sites

Question 6

What are interventions at Patient level?

Answer 6

Improve health (treatment and nutrition)
Immunity (both passive and active)
Induce herd immunity

Question 7

What are interventions at practice level?

Answer 7

Avoidance of pathogen- (don’t visit area, wear PPE)
Safe Sex
Safe sharp disposal
Safe food and drink prep

Question 8

What are interventions at Place level?

Answer 8

Safe water
Safe air (not overcrowded)
Good quality housing
Well designed health care facilities

Question 9

What are positive consequnces of control?

Answer 9

Reduction/ elimination of disease

Question 10

What are negative consequences of control?

Answer 10

Decreased exposure to pathogen leading to reduced immunity then a potential outbreak

Later exosure to pathogen- increased severity