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Infection/Micro Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Diphtheria transmission

A

Droplet

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2
Q

Diphtheria can be __ or __

A

pharyngeal or tonsillar

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3
Q

What is so serious about diphtheria?

A

It can cause respiratory obstruction

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4
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type B is a

A

gram negative coccobacillus

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5
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type b (HiB) mode of transmission

A

Droplet

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6
Q

Most common diseases spread by Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB)… (5)

A

Meningitis, epiglotitis, pneumonia, arthritis, cellulitis

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7
Q

__ is usually required for invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB)

A

hospitalization

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8
Q

Hepatitis A mode of transmission

A

fecal-oral

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9
Q

Hepatitis A has abrupt onset of fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, abdominal cramping and…

A

dark urine and jaundice

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10
Q

Hepatitis A: Children are generally…

A

Asymptomatic

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11
Q

Hepatitis B is __ from other types of acute viral hepatitis

A

Indistinguishable

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12
Q

Hepatitis B mode of transmission

A

Contact with blood or bloody fluids of an infected person

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13
Q

Hepatitis B incubation period

A

45-160 days, average of 120 days

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14
Q

Symptoms of Hepatitis B

A

Malaise, fever, headache, myalgia

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15
Q

Hepatitis B: At least __ of infections are asymptomatic

A

50%

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16
Q

Development of hepatic failure and encephalopathy within two weeks of jaundice onset

A

Fulminant hepatitis

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17
Q

Other Hepatitis B complications (4)

A

Hospitalization, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, death

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18
Q

HPV: Gardasil protects against what strains?

A

6, 11, 16, 18

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19
Q

Rubella mode of transmission

A

contact and droplet

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20
Q

Rubella rash begins on..

A

the face and then spreads

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21
Q

Rubella rash lasts

A

about 3 days

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22
Q

Rubella complications

A

Congenital rubella syndrome

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23
Q

Mumps mode of transmission

A

direct and droplet

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24
Q

Mumps incubation period

A

12-25 days

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25
Mumps: Parotitis in
9-94%
26
4 complications of mumps
Orchitis, pancreatitis, unilateral deafness, death
27
Pertussis aka
whopping cough
28
Most common complication of pertussis
secondary bacterial pneumonia
29
Meningococcal meningitis symptoms
fever, headache, stiff neck
30
Meningococcal disease fatality rate
10-15% even with antibiotics
31
Mumps is an...
acute viral illness
32
Rubella used to be called the
three day measles
33
Tetanus is an acute and often
fatal disease
34
What strains cause high grade changes
16, 18
35
Influenza type A
Moderate to severe illness
36
Influenza type A infects...
All age groups, including animals
37
Influenza type B is often a...
Milder disease that affects primarily children
38
Influenza type C is...
Rarely reported in humans
39
Influenza mode of transmission
droplet
40
Influenza incubation period
1-4 days, typically 2 days
41
Symptoms of influenza
Fever, myalgia, sore throat, nonproductive cough, and headache
42
8 complications from the flu
Pneumonia, Reye syndrome, myocarditis, asthma, encephalitis, myositis, organ failure, death
43
How many flu cases are reported annually?
36K
44
Measles is an
acute, viral disease
45
Measles mode of transmission
airborne and droplet
46
Incubation period for measles
10-12 days
47
Main symptoms of measles
High fever and oral rash
48
6 complications of measles
Diarrhea, otitis media, pneumonia, encephalitis, seizures, death
49
Meningococcal disease is a
sever acute bacterial infection
50
Most common representation of invasive meningococcal disease
Meningococcal meningitis
51
Pertussis can also cause... (3)
Apnea, bradycardia, respiratory failure
52
Pneumococcal disease mode of transmission
Droplet
53
Pneumococcal disease is an acute
bacterial infection
54
Major complication of pneumococcal disease (3)
Pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis
55
Poliomyelitis is a
viral infection
56
Poliomyelitis mode of transmission
fecal oral
57
Poliomyelitis complication
paralysis
58
Rotavirus mode of transmission
fecal oral
59
4 rotavirus complications
Severe diarrhea, intussusception, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance
60
Rotavirus GI symptoms will resolve in
3-7 days
61
Rubella is a
viral disease

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