Infection Control (Wilkinson) Flashcards
what are some infectious or causative agents
bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasite
in the chain of infection what is reservoir
human, animal, food, organic matter on inanimate surfaces, water, soil, insects
in the chain of infection what is portal of exit and
point of escape for the organism, resp., GI, GU, blood/body fluids, skin/mucous membranes
in the chain of infection what is the mode of transmission?
contact, droplet, airborne, vector borne
in the chain of infection what is the portal of entry
might be the same as portal of exit
in the chain of infections what is the susceptible host
immunocompromised, breaks in skin
what are some factors affecting host susceptibility?
intact skin and mucous membranes
normal pH levels
body’s white blood cells
age, sex, race, hereditary factors
immunization, natural or acquired
fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
stress
use of invasive or indwelling medical devices
what are cardinal signs of acute infection?
redness
heat
swelling
pain
loss of function
what are some lab data indicating infection?
elevated white blood cell count- normal is 5,000 to 10,000/mm^3
increase in neutrophils >er 70%
elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate- elevated if >20 mm/hr
presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining cultures
what is the difference in medical asepsis and surgical asepsis?
medical asepsis- clean technique
surgical technique- sterile technique