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PMLS 2 > Infection Control, Safety, First Aid and Personal wellness > Flashcards

Infection Control, Safety, First Aid and Personal wellness Flashcards

1
Q

microorganism invades the body,
multiplies, and causes injury or disease

A
  • Infection:
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2
Q

microorganisms that cause disease

A

Pathogens

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3
Q

nonpathogenic microorganisms on our skin
and in other areas (GIT)

A

Normal flora:

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4
Q

an infection affecting only one area of
the body

A

Local Infection

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5
Q

an infection affecting the entire
body

A
  • Systemic infection
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6
Q

infection from one’s own flora

A

Autogenous infection

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7
Q

spread from person to person

A

Communicable Infection

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8
Q

acquired in hospitals or other health care
facilities

A

Nosocomial Infection:

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9
Q

microorganisms develop
resistance to specific antibiotics

A

Antibiotic-resistant infections

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10
Q

pathogenic
microorganisms resistant to several drugs

A

Multidrug resistant organisms (superbugs) :

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11
Q

a continuous link in the
transmission of harmful
organisms between a
source and the
susceptible host

A

CHAIN OF INFECTION

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12
Q

bacteria, fungus, protozoon, rickettsia, virus

A

infectious agent

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13
Q

animal, human, equpiment, foo, soil, water

A

reservoir

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14
Q

blood, exudates, excretions, secretions

A

exit pathway

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15
Q

airborne, contact, droplet, vector, vehicle

A

means of transmission

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16
Q

body orifices, mucous membranes, broken skin

A

entry pathway

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17
Q

elderly, newborn, acute?chronically ill, immune suppressed, unvaccinated

A

susceptible host

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18
Q

components of the chain of infection

A

Infectious agents (source)

Reservoir

Exit pathway

Means of transmission

Portal of Entry
( Entry Pathway)

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19
Q
  • Causative agent
  • Pathogenic microbe responsible for causing an
    infection
  • Bacteria, parasites, fungi, viruses
A

Infectious agents (source)

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20
Q
  • Source of an infectious agent
  • Place where the microbe could grow, survive
    and multiply
  • Humans, animals, insects, food, water, soil,
    equipment
A

Reservoir

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21
Q
  • a way an infectious agent can leave a reservoir host
  • secretions from eyes, nose, mouth
  • exudates from wounds, mucous membranes, tissue
    specimens, blood, feces, urine
A

Exit pathway

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22
Q
  • Contact ( Direct or Indirect)
  • Droplets
  • Airborne
  • Vector
  • Vehicle
A

Means of transmission

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23
Q

physical transfer of
infective material from the source
to the susceptible host through
close or intimate contact

A

Direct contact-

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24
Q

– transfer of
infective material via an object
,such as bed linens, instruments,
furniture

A

Indirect contact

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25
Q

▪ Transfer of an infectious agent to the
mucous membranes of a susceptible
individual via infectious droplets

A

DROPLET TRANSMISSION

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26
Q

▪ Do not remain suspended in the air
▪ Transmitted through coughing ,
sneezing, talking

A

DROPLET TRANSMISSION

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27
Q

What size of the droplets transmission

A

▪ 5 um or larger

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27
Q

What size of the droplets transmission

A

▪ 5 um or larger

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28
Q
  • Dispersal of infectious agents that can remain infective for
    long periods of time in particles less than 5um and can be
    inhaled
A

AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION

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29
Q
  • droplet nuclei or dried residue of droplets
  • Airborne droplet nuclei develop when the fluid of
    pathogenic droplets evaporates
  • small and light they may remain suspended in the air for
    several hours
  • can be spread via ventilation systems
A

AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION

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30
Q

Transfer of infective material
through contaminated items such
as food or water

A

Vehicle

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31
Q

Transmission by insect or
animal vectors
Dengue, Malaria ( mosquitoes)

A

Vector-borne

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32
Q

A way an infectious agent
enters a susceptible host
* body orifices
* mucous membranes
* breaks in the skin

A

Portal of Entry
( Entry Pathway)

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33
Q

Someone who is prone to
infection ( elderly, newborn,
immune-suppressed,
unvaccinated, with acute or
chronic illness)

A

Susceptible Host

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34
Q

*stopping infections at the source
*preventing contact with substances
from exit pathways
*eliminating means of transmission
*blocking exposure to entry pathways
*reducing or eliminating the susceptibility of potential hosts

A

Breaking the Chain of Infection

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35
Q

WAYS TO BREAK THE CHAIN OF INFECTION

A
  • Effective hand hygiene procedures
  • Good nutrition, adequate rest, and
    reduction of stress
  • Immunization against common
    pathogens
  • Proper decontamination of surfaces and
    instruments
  • Proper disposal of sharps and infectious
    waste
  • Use of personal protective equipment
    (PPE)
  • Use of needle safety devices during
    blood collection
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36
Q

WAYS HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS
BREAK THE CHAIN

A
  • Infection control programs
  • Insect and rodent control
  • Isolation procedures
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37
Q
  1. to protect patients, employees, and visitors from infection
A

INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

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38
Q
  1. to screen employees for infectious diseases and to require
    immunization when needed
A

INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

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39
Q
  1. to provide evaluation and treatment to health workers who
    have been exposed to infections while performing their duty
A

INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

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40
Q
  1. to provide evaluation and treatment to health workers who
    have been exposed to infections while performing their duty
A

INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

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41
Q
  1. to monitor employees and patients who are at risk of infection
    and to collect data from patients and health workers who have
    been exposed to such danger
A

INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

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42
Q

effective way to prevent the spread of infection

A

Hand Hygiene

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43
Q
  • Use plain soap and water
     When hands are visibly dirty
     Before eating and after using the restroom
A

Routine hand washing

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44
Q
  • Use antimicrobial soap or alcohol-based sanitizers
     Alcohol-based hand sanitizers when hands are not visibly dirty
     Put sanitizer on hands, rub hands together for 20 seconds or
    until it feels dry
A

Hand antisepsis

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45
Q

How many minutes in scrubbing hand at Hand Hygiene?

A

. Two-minute scrub

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46
Q
  • Before and after each patient contact
  • Between unrelated procedures on a patient
  • Before putting on gloves and after taking them off
  • Before leaving the laboratory
  • Before going to lunch or on break
  • Before and after going to the restroom
  • Whenever hands become visibly or knowingly contaminated
A

SITUATIONS THAT REQUIRE HAND HYGIENE
PROCEDURES

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47
Q

According to WHO guidelines, when performing direct patient
care, hand hygiene should be performed:

A
  1. Before touching a patient
  2. Before performing a clean or aseptic procedure
  3. After a risk of body fluid exposure
  4. After touching a patient
  5. After touching patient surroundings
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48
Q

ROUTINE HANDWASHING TECHNIQUE

A

Remove jewelry.
1. Stand a few inches from the sink.
2. Turn on the faucet and place hands under the running water.
3. Use soap and work up lather.
4. Make sure to scrub all surfaces.
5. Apply a little friction and rub hands together for at least
15 seconds ( 20 seconds).
6.Rinse the hands from the wrist to fingertips using downward motion.
7. Dry hands using a clean paper towel.
8. Use the paper towel to close the faucet except when it is foot or motion
activated.
Entire handwashing procedure: 1 minute (40-60 seconds)

  • Palm to palm to make a lather
  • Rub right palm over the back of left hand with interlaced fingers, vice
    versa
  • Palm to palm with fingers interlaced
  • Rub the back of fingers to opposing palm with fingers interlocked,
    repeat for each hand
  • Rub rotationally left thumb clasped in right palm, vice versa
  • To clean the tips of the fingers, rub rotationally with clasped fingers of
    right hand and left palm and vice versa
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49
Q

*alcohol-based antiseptic hand cleaners that contain a
minimum of 60% alcohol
*if the hands are not visibly soiled
*cover all surfaces of the hands, including between the
fingers
*allow to evaporate
*20 to 30 seconds

A

USE OF ALCOHOL-BASED ANTISEPTIC
HAND CLEANERS

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50
Q

equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious
workplace injuries and illnesses

A

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

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51
Q

“specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against
infectious materials” (OSHA)

A

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

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52
Q

Level 1 PPE

A

surgical mask

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53
Q

Level 2 PPE

A

– surgical mask, goggles or face shield, gown, gloves

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54
Q

Level 3 PPE -

A

N95 mask, goggles or face shield, gloves, surgical cap, scrub
suits, gowns (or coveralls), shoe covers

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55
Q

Level 4 PPE –

A

N95 mask (or PAPR), goggles or face shield, double gloves,
surgical cap, scrub suits, coveralls (Hazmat suit), dedicated shoes, shoe
covers

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56
Q

What are the PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)?

A

*Gloves
* Laboratory gown
* Face mask/respirators
* Face shields/ goggles

  • Wear Long pants and closed-toe shoes
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57
Q

 Wear gloves during blood collection and handling of
specimen
* should be worn over the cuffs of the lab gown
DON’T touch surfaces with contaminated gloves
DON’T touch your face or adjust PPE with contaminated
gloves
DON’T reuse disposable gloves

A

GLOVES

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58
Q

Purpose – patient care, environmental services, others
* Glove material – vinyl, latex, nitrile, others
* Sterile or nonsterile
* One or two pair
* Single use or reusable
* Work from “clean to dirty

A

GLOVES

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59
Q

contain no latex and powder free

most puncture resistant

have a high level of touch sensitivity
good for extended period of time

work for for high risk situation

resist many chemicals

have a long shelf life

are blue to help identify if the glove

A

nitrile gloves

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60
Q

fit like a second skin

have a high level of touch sensitive

good for waring and extedned amount of time

work well for high risk

cost effective

lighlt powedered for easing donning

very elastic and strong

A

latex gloves

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61
Q

no latex

looser fit

short terms, low risk

most economic option

anti static properties

use with non hazardous materials

lighlty powdered

A

vinyl gloves

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62
Q
  • Wear mask when entering the room of a patient in
    isolation
  • Fluid-proof masks – spattering of body fluids
  • Worn once, then discard
  • Should cover both the nose and mouth
  • Never be worn around the neck
A

MASKS

63
Q
  • Fluid resistant
  • Disposable
  • Should be put on first
  • Make sure that it is fastened, and the belt
    tied
A

GOWNS

64
Q

SEQUENCE FOR WEARING (DONNING) PPE

A
  1. Gown
  2. Mask or Respirator
    3.Goggles or Face shield
  3. Gloves
65
Q

WEARING OF GOWN

A
  • Fully cover torso from neck to knees, arms to end of wrists,
    and wrap around the back
  • Fasten in back of neck and waist
  • Select appropriate type and size
  • Opening is in the back
  • Secure at neck and waist
  • If gown is too small, use two gowns
    – Gown #1 ties in front
    – Gown #2 ties in back
66
Q

WEARING OF MASK

A
  • Mask
  • Place over nose, mouth and chin
  • Fit flexible nose piece over nose bridge
  • Secure on head with ties or elastic
67
Q

WEARING OF RESPIRATOR

A
  • Respirator
  • Secure ties or elastic bands at middle of head and neck
  • Fit flexible band to nose bridge
  • Fit snug to face and below chin
  • Fit-check respirator
68
Q

WEARING OF GOGGLES

A
  • Place over face and eyes and adjust to fit
69
Q

Wearing of gloves

A

Extend to cover wrist of isolation gown

70
Q

“CONTAMINATED” AREAS
OF PPE

Areas of PPE that have or are likely to have
been in contact with body sites, materials, or
environmental surfaces where the infectious
organism may reside

A

– outside front

71
Q

“CLEAN” AREAS
OF PPE

Areas of PPE that are not likely to have been in
contact with the infectious organism

A

– inside, outside back, ties on
head and back

72
Q

SEQUENCE FOR REMOVAL (DOFFING) OF PPE

A
  1. Gloves
  2. Goggles and Face shield
  3. Gown
  4. Mask or Respirator
73
Q

SEQUENCE FOR REMOVAL (DOFFING) OF PPE

COVID 19 WAY

A
  1. Gloves
  2. Gown
    Perform Hand Hygiene
  3. Goggles and Face shield
  4. Mask or Respirator
    Perform hand Hygiene
74
Q

REMOVING CONTAMINATED
GLOVES

A

Using a gloved hand, grasp outside edge near wrist
* Peel away from hand, turning glove inside-out
* Hold in opposite gloved hand
* Slide ungloved finger under the wrist of the remaining
glove
* Peel off from inside
* Discard gloves in a waste container

75
Q

Removing goggles or face shield

A

Remove goggles or face shield from the back by lifting head band or
earpieces
* If the item is reusable, place in designated receptacle for
reprocessing or discard in a waste container

76
Q

REMOVING USED GOWNS

A
  • Unfasten gown ties, taking care that sleeves don’t contact your
    body when reaching for ties
  • Pull gown away from neck and shoulders, touching inside of
    gown only
  • Turn gown inside out
  • Fold or roll into a bundle and discard in a waste container
77
Q

Removing used mask

A

Grasp bottom ties or elastics of the mask/respirator, then the
ones at the top, and remove without touching the front
* Discard in a waste container

78
Q

NURSERY AND NEONATAL ICU INFECTION
CONTROL TECHNIQUE

A
    1. Perform proper hand washing
      before donning PPE
    1. Bring items necessary for
      specimen collection
    1. Leave blood collection tray
      outside the nursery/ICU (anteroom)
    1. Remove gloves, wash hands (use
      a new pair of gloves between
      patients)
79
Q

separate patients with certain
transmissible infections from contact with other patients
and limit their contact with hospital personnel and
visitors

A

ISOLATION PROCEDURES

80
Q

is used for patients who
are highly susceptible to infections.

A

Protective (reverse) isolation

81
Q

microorganisms in the human blood
that are infectious and can cause human disease

A

Blood-borne pathogens

82
Q

can survive a week on objects

A

Hepatitis B virus

83
Q

Common Blood-borne pathogens

A
  1. Hepatitis B virus
    * 2. Hepatitis C
    * 3. Hepatitis D
  2. Immunodeficiency virus
84
Q

: flu-like, fatigue, loss of appetite, mild
fever,muscle join.abdominal pain, nausea vomiting

A

Hepatitis S/S

85
Q

Mode of transmission of hepatitis s/s

A

needlesticks, sexual contact

86
Q

vaccine for hepatitis

A

Hepa B

87
Q

specifies precautions to use in caring for ALL patients
regardless of diagnosis or presumed infection status

A

STANDARD AND TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS

88
Q

specifies precautions to use for patients either suspected or
known to be infected with certain pathogens transmitted by
airborne, droplet, or contact routes

A

Transmission-based precautions

89
Q

Standard Precautions include

A
  • Hand hygiene
  • Use of personal protective equipment
  • Respiratory hygiene / cough etiquette
  • Sharps safety (engineering and work practice
    controls)
  • Sterile instruments and devices
  • Clean and disinfected environmental surfaces
90
Q

for patients diagnosed or suspected of a specific transmissible
disease

A

TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS

91
Q

Precautions based on whether the disease is transmitted by

A

Airborne:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Measles ( Rubeola)Chickenpox (Varicella)
* Droplets:
Influenza
* Contact:
Diarrhea, skin or wound infection

92
Q

Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Measles ( Rubeola)Chickenpox (Varicella)

A
  • Airborne:
93
Q

Influenza

A

Droplets:

94
Q

Diarrhea, skin or wound infection

A

Contact:

95
Q

Exposure to blood bornepathogens

A
  1. needle-stick injury
    2. blood or body fluid
    splashes in the eyes, nose
    or mouth
    3. blood or body fluid
    comes in contact with cut,
    scratch or abrasion
    4. human bite cuts the skin
96
Q

Caused by needlestick or any sharp objects

A
  1. Remove sharp or foreign object
  2. Wash the site with soap and water for at least 30 seconds
97
Q

Through Mucous Membrane

A
  1. Flush with water or saline for at least 10 minutes
  2. Eyes: use eyewash station (remove contact lenses)
  3. Report the incident to the immediate supervisor
98
Q
  • Cleaning up spill and decontaminating soiled areas
    immediately with disinfectant
  • 1:10 bleach solution(sodium hypochlorite)
  • Prepared daily
  • Wear gloves
  • Use absorbent material
  • Broken glass: do not pick up with hands
  • Use brush, dustpan or tongs
A
  • Surface Decontamination
99
Q
  • Never eat, drink, smoke, or chew gum.
  • Never put pencils or pens in the mouth.
  • Never place food or beverages in a refrigerator used for storing reagents or
    specimens.
  • Never apply cosmetics, handle contact lenses, or rub eyes in the laboratory.
  • Never wear long chains, large or dangling earrings, or loose bracelets.
  • Never wear a lab coat to lunch, on break, or when leaving the lab to go
    home.
  • Never wear personal protective equipment outside the designated area for
    its use.
A

GENERAL LABORATORY SAFETY RULES

100
Q
  • Always wear a fully buttoned lab coat.
  • Always tie back hair that is longer than shoulder length.
  • Always keep fingernails short and well manicured.
  • Do not wear nail polish or artificial nails.
  • Always wear a face shield when performing specimen processing or any activity
    that might generate a splash or aerosol of bodily fluids.
  • Always wear gloves for phlebotomy procedures and when processing
    specimens.
A

GENERAL LABORATORY SAFETY RULES

101
Q

Any material that could be harmful to one’s health

A

Biohazard

102
Q

Safe handling of biological substances that pose a risk to
health.

used to prevent and protect clinical laboratories from
harmful incidents caused by laboratory specimens that are
potential hazardous

A

Biosafety

103
Q

Aerosols and splashes can be created when specimens are
centrifuged, when tube stoppers are removed, and when
specimen aliquots are being prepared
a. observe proper handling practices
b. wear PPE properly
c. use safety shields and guards

A

Airborne

104
Q

Biohazards can be ingested if healthcare workers neglect to
sanitize hands before handling food
a. Frequent hand sanitization, wash hands frequently
b. avoid hand-to-mouth activities
c avoid placing items in the mouth

A

Ingestion

105
Q

through breaks or cuts in the skin
a. cover skin breaks or cuts with non-permeable bandages

A

non-intact skin:

106
Q

: through the skin (intact) due to needlesticks
and other sharp objects
a. use needle safety devices.
b. wear heavy duty utility gloves when cleaning broken glass
c. never handle broken glass with bare hands

A

Percutaneous

107
Q

through mucus membranes ;mouth , nose , eyes
a. proper specimen handling
B. avoid rubbing, touching eyes, nose and mouth

A

Permucosal:

108
Q
  • Shut off the source of electricity
  • Source of electricity cannot be shut off?
    use nonconducting material to
    remove the source of electricity from
    the victim
  • Call for medical assistance
  • Start CPR if necessary
  • Keep the victim warm
A
  • Electric Shock
109
Q

Avoid the use of extension cords.
* Do not attempt to make repairs to equipment if
you are not trained to do so.
* Do not handle electrical equipment with wet
hands or when standing on a wet floor.
* Do not overload electrical circuits.
* Inspect cords and plugs for breaks and fraying.
* Know the location of the circuit breaker box.
* Unplug and do not use equipment that is
malfunctioning.
* Unplug equipment that has had liquid spilled in
it.
* Unplug equipment when you are servicing it

A

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

110
Q

Conduct regular fire drills
Be familiar with the location of emergency exits
Be familiar with the evacuation plans or routes
* Post location of fire extinguishers and heavy blankets
* Know how to use the fire extinguisher

A
  • Fire Safety
111
Q

Ordinary combustible
materials(wood, paper)

Water, foam, dry chem

A

Class A

112
Q

Flammable liquids and vapors
( paint, oil, grease, gasoline)

Require blocking oxygen
dry chem.,CO2 , foam, halon

A

Class B

113
Q

Electrical equipment

non-conducting agents
dry chem,CO2 , halon
(DO NOT USE FOAM)

A

Class C

114
Q

combustible chemicals/ reactive
metals
Na,Mg, K , litiumTitanium

Power agents
sand or dry powde

A

Class D

115
Q

Cooking oil, grease fats

A

Class K

116
Q

what class of fire extingusher for

cloth
wood
rubber
paper
plastics

A

class A

117
Q

gasolin
grease
oil

A

class b

118
Q

electrical
fires

A

class c

119
Q

combustible
metals

A

class d

120
Q

kitchen fires

A

class k

121
Q

Never use a .. on grease fires,
electrical fires or class D fires - the flames will
spread and make the fire bigger!

A

water extinguisher

122
Q
  • Class ABC: all-purpose fire extinguisher that works
    on class A, B, and C fires. The extinguishing agent is
    a __
A

dry chemical

123
Q

extinguishers don’t leave a harmful residue -
a good choice for an electrical fire

A

CO2

124
Q

heat, fuel, oxidizing agent (oxygen),
chemical reaction
* A fire naturally occurs when the
elements are combined in the right
mixture
* prevented or extinguished by
removing any one element

A
  • Fire Tetrahedron
125
Q

compononents of fire tetragedron

A

heat
fuel
oxygen or oxidizing agent

126
Q

rescue anyone in immediate danger

A
  • RESCUE
127
Q

activate the institutional fire alarm system

A
  • ALARM -
128
Q

close all doors

A
  • CONTAIN
129
Q

attempt to extinguish the fire, if
possible

A

EXTINGUISH

130
Q

__ exposure depends on
distance, shielding, and time
* __ effects are cumulative

A

radiatione xposure

131
Q

collecting specimens from patients injected with radioactive dyes
or from nuclear medicine department
delivering specimens to radioimmunoassay sections

A

radiation hazards:

132
Q

aware of institutional radiation safety procedures
cautious when entering areas with radiation hazard symbol

A

The phlebotomist should be:

133
Q

*Use special kits
containing absorbent
and neutralizer

A

CHEMICAL SPILL PROCEDURES

Spill clean up kit

134
Q

(abnormal or profuse
bleeding)

A

Hemorrhage

135
Q

*Firmly applying direct pressure to the
wound until bleeding stops or emergency
rescuers arrive.
*Pressure should be applied using cloth or
gauze with additional material added if
bleeding continues.

A

FIRST AID
External Hemorrhage

136
Q

insufficient return of blood flow to the heart, resultingnin an
inadequate supply of oxygen to all organs and tissues of the
body

A

Shock

137
Q
    • Pale, cold, clammy skin
    • Rapid, weak pulse
    • Increased, shallow breathing rate
    • Expressionless face and staring eyes
A

Common Symptoms of Shock

138
Q

When providing first aid to a victim of shock, be sure to do the
following:
* 1. Maintain an open airway for the victim.
* 2. Call for assistance.
* 3. Keep the patient lying down with the head lower than the
rest of the body.
* 4. Attempt to control bleeding or other cause of shock if
known.
* 5. Keep the victim warm until help arrives.

A

FIRST AID FOR SHOCK

139
Q

CPR – means

A

– CARDIOPULMONARY
RESUSCITATION

140
Q
  • emergency lifesaving procedure performed when
    the heart stops beating
  • aims to keep blood and oxygen flowing through
    the body when a person’s heart and breathing have
    stopped
  • can keep oxygenated blood flowing to the brain
    and other vital organs until more definitive medical
    treatment can restore a normal heart rhythm
A

CPR – CARDIOPULMONARY
RESUSCITATION

141
Q
  • Check the scene and the person.
  • Patient lying on his/her back on a steady surface
  • Call 911 for assistance
  • ask a bystander to call 911, or a there is no call 911 and begin
    administering assistance
    Check for breathing. If there is no breathing begin CPR
A

BEFORE GIVING CPR

142
Q
  1. Kneel beside the patient and place your
    hands in the middle of the patient’s chest.
  2. Cover the first hand with the heel of the
    other hand, interlocking the fingers. The
    fingers should be raised so they do not
    touch the ribcage.
  3. Lean forward (shoulders directly over the
    patient’s chest) and press down on the
    chest for about two inches. Release the
    pressure to allow the chest to come back
    up. Do not release your hands. Repeat.
    Give 30 compressions at a rate of 100
    compressions per minute.
A

HOW TO PERFORM CPR?

143
Q

how many compressions when doing cpr?

A

0 compressions at a rate of 100
compressions per minute.

144
Q

using chest compressions and
mouth-to-mouth breathing at a ratio of 30:2
compressions-to-breaths

A

conventional CPR

145
Q

In adult victims of cardiac arrest, it is reasonable for
rescuers to perform chest compressions at a rate
of _ for an average adult

A

100 to 120/min and to a depth of at least 2 inches
(5 cm)

146
Q
  1. Personal Hygiene
  2. Proper Nutrition
  3. Rest
  4. Exercise
  5. Proper posture/Back protection
  6. Stress management
A

PERSONAL WELLNESS

147
Q
  • Shower or bathe and use
    deodorant on a regular basis
  • Brush teeth after eating
  • Keep hair clean and neatly
    combed
  • Fingernails should be clean, short,
    and neatly trimmed
  • Avoid heavily scented lotions or
    colognes
A

PERSONAL HYGIENE

148
Q

Nutritious food
* plant-based diet rich in a variety of vegetables, fruits, legumes
* minimally processed starchy staple foods
* balance of carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals, and fiber

A

Proper Nutrition

149
Q
  • get the required hours of sleep
  • take breaks during the day to rest, refresh, and stay fit
A

Rest

150
Q

 strengthens the immune system
 increases energy
 reduces stress by releasing substances
called endorphins
 reduces symptoms of depression and
anxiety

A
  • Exercise:
151
Q

Use proper techniques and equipment
when lifting heavy objects

A

Proper Posture/Back Protection

152
Q

Use proper techniques and equipment
when lifting heavy objects

A

Proper Posture/Back Protection

153
Q

Has damaging effect on personal wellness
Affects different organs and systems throughout the body
Weakens immune system

A

Negative Stress

154
Q
  • Identify your problem and talk about it.
  • Learn to relax throughout the day.
  • Exercise regularly.
  • Avoid making too many changes at once.
  • Planning the time you have.
  • Set realistic goals—be practical about what you can accomplish.
  • Avoid procrastination by tackling the most difficult job first.
A

Ways To Control Stress

PMLS 2 (5 decks)

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