Infection Control + Preventing Disease Flashcards
HAI
Healthcare-associated infections
Clostridium difficile colitis
cdif, a gastrointestinal infection causing diarrhea, patients on antibiotics susceptible
Examples of bloodborne pathogens
HIV, AIDS, Hepatitis
MRSA
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Diseases that still use isolation
Cholera, diphtheria, smallpox, TB, plague, yellow fever, SARS, COVID
universal precautions
focused on barriers against bloodborne pathogens
body substance precautions
expanded protection to all moise body secretions
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
exposure control plan, signs and labels, annual bloodborne pathogen training
Medical asepsis
involves reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted to a susceptible individual
Microbial dilution
process of reducing the number of organism through disinfection and hand hygiene
Best way to kill HAI organism C-diff
Alcohol-based rubs
Fomite
object that is already infected (toothbrush used when sick)
Solution for cleaning HIV contaminated surfaces
1:10 solution of bleach and water
reverse isolation
tech is the one that protects immunocompromised patients with procedures (wearing a gown/mask)
Microorganisms that can cause infection
bacteria, rickettsiae, viruses, fungi, prions, protozoa
Cycle of infection list
infectious organisms, reservoir of infection, portal of exit, susceptible host, portal of entry, transmissions of disease
pathogen
any microorganism capable of producing disease
reservoir of infection
where pathogens can thrive in sufficient numbers to pose a threat (needs moisture, nutrients, suitable temp)
portal of exit
any route through which blood, body fluids, excretions, or secretions leave the body (open wound, GI tract, respiratory)
Susceptible host
individuals with a reduced immune system, patients are often hosts
Portal of entry
the route by which microorganisms gain access into the susceptible host
most direct way to break the cycle of infection
to prevent transmission of the infectious organism from the reservoir to the susceptible host
six main route of transmission of disease
direct contact, fomites, vectors, vehicles, airborne, droplet contamination
direct contact transfer
infected person must touch susceptible host, requires the pathogens to be placed in direct contact with susceptible tissue
