Exam Flashcards
cycle of infection includes 6 parts: 1. reservoir of infection 2 portal of exit 3 portal of entry and ?
pathogenic organism, means of transmission, suspectible host
subcellular organisms and are among the smallest known disease causing organisms
viruses
Which of the following hospital departments provides support services?
purchasing
a patient who suffers from orthopnea must
have their heads elevated in order to breathe
abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply and comfortably
orthopnea
Organization that provides accreditation for health care institutions
TJC the joint commission
humans born with a certain amount of immunity, or become resistant to a disease after being infected. long term immunity
acquired immunity
occurs following an injection of performed antibodies to a particular infection
passive immunity
A patient placed under airborne precautions requires a bedside chest radiograph. The radiographer must follow standard precautions and must don
a particulate respirator
A health maintenance organization provides
healthcare on a fee-for-service basis.
The federal health insurance program in the United States that covers a portion of the medical care costs for those over age 65 is called
medicare
Under the system of protective precautions, the radiographer who handles the x-ray unit touches only
drops IR in unit, the machine and other contaminated particles
portion of the body that is in contact with the floor or other horizontal surfaces.
base of support
provides stability for body position and movement
base of support
base of support may be represented by:
a horizontal line linking the points of contact like between the feet when the body is erect
When a qualified interpreter is used for non-English-speaking patients, the interpreter will:
translate only what is said by and to the patient
the first phase of the grieving process is
denial
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an inexpensive environmental surface germicide that is effective against HIV is a solution of:
1 part sodium hypochlorite to 10 parts of water
The generational group most likely to accept the word of healthcare professionals without question is:
those over age 75
Ageism is a term that refers to:
discrimination of ppl against their age
Children who are beginning to communicate using 2-3 word sentences, to explore and manipulate their environment, and to assert their independence, but are still very attached to their parents, are typical of which of the following age groups?
toddler
In the United States, a patient’s right to communicate effectively in healthcare situations, regardless of language barriers, is guaranteed by:
federal law
Aphasic patients are unable to:
speak
When confidential patient information is to be transmitted by fax, it should be:
preceded by a phone call to the recipient
Reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted to a susceptible individual is called:
medical asepsis
A conscious patient whose hands are moist and trembling is most likely suffering from:
anxiety
Which set of transmission-based precautions is used for patients with multidrug resistant wound infections?
contact precautions
Which of the following observations should cause you to suspect child abuse?
1.Cigarette burn marks
2.Bruises shaped like hands, fingers, or objects, such as a belt
3.Failure to seek prompt treatment for a serious injury
The organization that establishes minimum standards for certification in various imaging specialties and radiation therapy, conducts qualifying examinations, and certifies those who pass, is called:
ARRT
A professional organization for radiographers and all radiologic technologists is:
ASRT
An approach to healthcare in which the client seeks help only when unable to manage alone is called a(n) _______________approach.
crisis intervention
In a hospital, the term medical staff refers to:
physicians
A proprietary hospital is one that
is a buiness run for profit
These microorganisms occur as yeasts or molds and can infect the skin, nail beds, and scalp.
fungi
Which of the following statements is true with regard to comatose patients?
they may hear and comprehend while apparently unconscious
what is the most common NG tubes for patients who recently had surgery or intestinal obstruction
levin and salem sump
tube that is a radiopaque double-lumen tube
salem sump
what is a Salem Sump used for?
one lumen is used to remove gastric contents, the other functions as an air vent
where is a bronchoscopy study usually done and with what?
the ICU with a C arm
what does CCU stand for?
Coronary Care Unit
what type of x rays are commonly taken for in the CCU?
placement for CVC central venous catheter or a pacemaker
tort means
a civil wrong committed by someone against another person or their property
civil law deals with
rights and duties of people with respect to one another
the threat of touching in an injurious way, can result in a lawsuit
assault
unlawful touching of a person without their consent
battery
radiograph taken against the patients will or on the wrong patient is an example of
battery
what type of medical inhalation is given to a patient before/during surgery?
general anesthetics
what is angina pectoris?
chest pain
occurs when the coronary arteries are unable to supply the heart with sufficient oxygen
angina pectoris
what is angina pectoris commonly mistaken for
indigestion because of pain under the sternum
an excretery urogram is also known as
small bowel series
radiographic examination of the urinary tract by means of an aqueous contrast medium injected intravenously
excretory urogram
radiographic images of the internal structures of the kidneys and ureters by means of a contrast agent which is injected directly through catheters placed in the ureters
retrograde urography
retrograde urograms are usually performed in conjunction with ______________
cystoscopy [contrast study of bladder]
NPO stands for
not by mouth/cant eat
Which of the following methods of sterilization is a safer method of sterilizing heat- and moisture-sensitive items in hospitals?
gas plasma technology
Treatment used to make an item germ-free is called:
sterilization
Which of the following statements does NOT meet infection control guidelines with regard to the handling of patient linens?
soiled linens should be shaken to remove loose material before being placed in the hamper
When assisting a stroke patient to walk, you should place yourself:
on the patients weak side
A brief, mild reduction in the oxygen supply to the brain occurring with changes in body position that may cause the patient to feel faint is called:
orthostatic hypotension
When a patient who has not stood or walked since an accident, stroke, or surgery must be taken to the imaging department, the best method is to:
use a stretcher
A patient weighing 260 pounds arrives from an intermediate care facility via wheelchair for an examination of the hip. He is unable to bear weight on either leg. The most appropriate method for placing this patient on the x-ray table is to:
call for a hydraulic lift and personnel who are experienced in its use
Which of the following treatment situations presents the greatest risk to the patient if momentarily disconnected?
closed chest drainage
The purpose of a Swan-Ganz catheter if the tip is in the heart is to:
monitor cardiac function
the tip of a correctly play central venous catheter, like a PICC Line,lies in the:
superior vena cava
Which of the following central venous catheters may be used for either short or long-term therapy and introduced through a vein in the antecubital fossa?
PICC
What is the special precaution taken when obtaining a mobile abdomen x-ray on a patient lying on an air mattress?
inflate the air mattress
A Port-A-Cath is an example of a:
long term implanted infusion port
A surgical opening made into the trachea with placement of a tube to establish a temporary or permanent airway is a:
trachoSTomy
If a patient refuses examination and wishes to leave, but is not allowed to do so, the radiographer who restrains the patient may be liable for charges of:
false imprisonment [holding someone against their will]
The failure to use reasonable care or caution in the context of a professional relationship is termed:
malpractice
A moral agent is
the person responsible for implementing an ethical decision
Res ipsa loquitur means:
the thing speaks for itself
A drug usually takes effect most rapidly when administered:
intravenously [into the vein, IV]
The application of medication to the surface of the skin is referred to as the ___________ route of administration.
topical
Direct placement of the medication into the digestive tract, orally, rectally, or via nasogastric tube, is referred to as the ______________route of administration.
enteral
infusion of medication flows into a
vein
A semisolid nugget of medication that is inserted into the rectum to stimulate peristaltic action in the colon and promote evacuation of the distal portion of the lower bowel is called a(n
suppository
The substance used to provide radiographic contrast in the gastrointestinal tract of patients who may have a perforation of the alimentary canal is:
water-soluble iodine compound [because they are asking for the substance]
The media usually used for double-contrast studies of the colon are:
barium sulfate and air [you cant use 2 liquid contrasts, so you use air with the barium sulfate]
The term pharmacokinetics refers to the study of:
the physiological movement of medications
When preparing a barium enema for a patient with Hirschsprung’s disease, the barium should be mixed with:
normal saline
Which of the following conditions cause(s) weakening and inflammation of the colon?
ulcerative colitis and diverticulitis [because they end in itis]
A “skin test,” such as a test for tuberculosis, which is administered to an area on the anterior forearm, is an example of the _________________ route of medication administration.
intradermal
Preparation for an upper gastrointestinal examination usually requires:
fasting
Controlled substances include:
drugs with a high abuse potential [because they are controlled by the pharmacy]
Barium peritonitis is a serious condition that results from:
perforation of the colon during a barium enema
Which of the following medications is a corticosteroid drug that acts as an antiinflammatory agent, preventing or reducing edema of the tracheobronchial tree and minimizing the possibility of respiratory arrest during allergic reactions?
methylprednisolone [solu medrol]
A drug that acts by attaching to receptors on a cell, much like a key in a lock, is called an:
antagonist
Which of the following is/are pharmacokinetic processes of medications?
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Absorption
When a patient has an adverse response to a medication because he/she has been sensitized to a previous dose of the drug, the effect is considered to be:
allergic
Which of the following drugs is/are considered controlled substances under the Harrison act?
Morphine
Cocaine
Marijuana
LSD
What drug is sometimes administered to relax the stomach and duodenum during a double-contrast upper GI series?
glucagon
Bowel obstruction is a serious condition that may result from:
barium impaction
a large rectal vein is called
hemorrhoid
An examination performed specifically for the detection of lesions in the duodenum distal to the duodenal bulb and for the diagnosis of pancreatic disease is:
hypotonic duodenoGRAPHY
Patients who require priority scheduling for studies that require fasting are:
emergencies.
diabetic patients.
infants and small children.
geriatric patients.
pharmacodynamics
is the study of how a drug acts on a living organism
an opiate is pertaining to natural and synthetic chemicals that have opiate - like effects.
true or false
false [opioids are both, opiate is only natural]
Feeling warm, flush, metallic taste, and nausea are common/mild reactions to iodinated contrast.
True/False
True
