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Infection Control (Prelims) > Infection Control > Flashcards

Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

Discipline concerned with preventing nosocomial/health-associated infection

A

Infection Control

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2
Q

Presence and multiplication of microorganisms in the tissue of the host, which may/may not have signs/symptoms

A

Infection

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3
Q

Bacteria frequently found in everyone in specific parts of the body.

A

Normal flora

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4
Q

Presence of bacteria on a surface without multiplication and damage to the host tissue.

A

Colonization

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5
Q

Illnesses caused by germs that enter the body, multiply, and can cause an infection.

A

Infectious disease

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6
Q

Any potential pathogen

A

Causative agent

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7
Q

Type of microorganism that causes disease

A

Pathogenic

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8
Q

Type of microorganism that can be potentially pathogenic

A

Opportunistic

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9
Q

Type of microorganism that is beneficial

A

Non-pathogenic

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10
Q

One-celled microorganisms that are independent, encapsulated, and can be cocci/bacilli/spirochetes in shape

A

Bacteria

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11
Q

Most effective procedure to kill bacteria in the shortest amount of time.

A

High temperature exposure

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12
Q

Microorganisms that can cause many diseases in humans, animals, and plants

A

Virus

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13
Q

Plants that lack chlorophyll.

A

Fungus

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14
Q

Most common yeast infection of the oral cavity.

A

Oral Candidiasis

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15
Q

One-celled organism found in freshwater and saltwater habitats, and in soil, and can cause intestina infections, blood, lungs, liver, or brain.

A

Protozoa

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16
Q

An opportunistic protozoan infection.

A

Pneumocystis Carinii

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17
Q

Single-celled to multiple-cell organisms found in fresh/saltwater habitats, and most do not produce human diseases.

A

Algae

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18
Q

Where the pathogens live.

A

Reservoir

19
Q

How the infectious agent leaves its reservoir.

A

Portal of Exit

20
Q

Mechanism for transfer of an infectious agent from the reservoir to the susceptible host.

A

Mode of Transmission

21
Q

MOT wherein the disease is passed directly from one infected person to another person/animal.

A

Direct

22
Q

Direct transmission that can occur anytime an infected person touches/exchanges body fluids with another person.

A

Person-to-Person

23
Q

Direct transmission wherein the disease is spread by coughing/sneezing, which can cause the droplets containing the infectious agent to land on nearby people

A

Droplet

24
Q

MOT wherein disease is passed from an infected person to another person even without direct contact.

A

Indirect

25
Q

Indirect transmission wherein an infectious agent enters the air when an infected person sneezes/laughs/breathes and the agent remains in the air for an extended period of time.

A

Airborne

26
Q

Indirect transmission through inanimate objects

A

Fomites

27
Q

MOT that required another organism to transmit a disease from person to person or from animal to person.

A

Vector

28
Q

Most common vector-borne transmission of disease.

A

Insect bite

29
Q

May be mists (fine, stay in the air) or splatter (larger and easily seen) that may contain airborne/bloodborne pathogens

A

Aerosols

30
Q

Path which infectious agent enters the susceptible host.

A

Portal of Entry

31
Q

A person/animal lacking effective resistance to a particular pathogenic agent.

A

Susceptible host

32
Q

What year was the Birth of Infectious Disease Hospitals, when patients with infectious disease process are placed in quarantine?

a. 1910
b. 1867
c. 1877
d. 1977

A

c. 1877

33
Q

What year was Barrier Nursing introduced?

a. 1810
b. 1911
c. 1910
d. 1901

A

c. 1910

34
Q

The first manual published by the Center for Disease Control in 1970.

A

Isolation Techniques For Use In Hospitals

35
Q

What are the 7 isolation categories?

A

Strict isolation
Respiratory isolation
Protective isolation
Enteric isolation
Wound and skin isolation
Discharge precautions
Blood precautions

36
Q

What was made due to the HIV epidemic in 1985?

A

Universal precautions

37
Q

Isolation of all moist and potentially infectious body substances primarily through the use of gloves, made in 1987.

A

Body Substance Isolation (BSI)

38
Q

A two-tiered system established in 1991, that includes Standard and Transmission-based precautions.

A

Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC)

39
Q

Primary strategy for successful nosocomial infection control.

A

Standard precautions

40
Q

For patients known/suspected to be infected by epidemiologically important pathogens spread by airborne or droplet transmission, or by contact with dry skin or contaminated muscles.

A

Transmission-based precautions

41
Q

Infections originated from a healthcare setting.

A

Nosocomial infections

42
Q

What are the 3 major modes of transmission in healthcare setting?

A

Puncture wounds
Skin contact
Mucous membranes

43
Q

What are bloodborne pathogens?

A

Hepatitis B Virus
Hepatitic C Virus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

44
Q

This isolation manual emphasized on the decision making on the use of isolation precautions to reduce costs associated with unnecessary isolation precautions.

A

1983 CDC Manual

Infection Control (Prelims) (4 decks)

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