Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 1

Single-stranded RNA retrovirus that involves the destruction of the immune syatem of the body, making an individual susceptible to life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers.

Answer 1

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 2

Also known as T-Cells, these are WBCs that fight infection and play an important role in the immune system.

Answer 2

CD4

Question 3

The HIV attaches itself to CD4 receptors on the surface of the CD4 cell.

Answer 3

Binding

Question 4

The HIV envelope and CD4 cell membrane fuse, allowing the HIV to enter the CD4 cell

Answer 4

Fusion

Question 5

Inside CD4 cells, the HIV releases and uses reverse transcriptase to convers HIV RNA to HIV DNA.

Answer 5

Reverse transcription

Question 6

HIV releases integrase to insert its viral RNA into the cell’s DNA

Answer 6

Integration

Question 7

HIV begins to use the machinery of the CD4 cell to make long chains of HIV proteins.

Answer 7

Replication

Question 8

New HIV proteins and HIV RNA move to the cell’s surface and assemble into immature HIV.

Answer 8

Assembly

Question 9

Newly formed immature HIV pushes itself out if the host CD4 cell.

Answer 9

Budding

Question 10

The earliest stage of HIV, is very contagious, and has flu-like symptoms.

Answer 10

Acute Infection

Question 11

Also known as the asymptomatic HIV infection, where the HIV is active by reproduces in low levels.

Answer 11

Chronic Infection

Question 12

The most severe stage of HIV infection, with a CD4 count of <200 cells/mm3

Answer 12

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Question 13

Phase of HIV infection that may last a decade or longer without medication.

Answer 13

Chronic infection

Question 14

Infected person diagnosed with this may survive 3 years without treatment.

Answer 14

AIDS

Question 15

HIV can survive long outside the human body.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Diagnostic testing with no name used and results issues only to the test recipient.

Answer 16

Anonymous Testing

Question 17

Diagnostic testing where the name and other identifying information is recorded with HIV results.

Answer 17

Confidential testing

Question 18

Expensive and not routinely used for HIV screening, and looks for the actual virus in the blood.

Answer 18

Nucleic Acid Tests (NAT)

Question 19

Most rapid tests and the only FDA-approved HIV self-test that is considered to be an initial HIV test

Answer 19

Antibody tests

Question 20

Most common HIV antibody confirmation test to confirm ELISA and rapid HIV test

Answer 20

Western blot

Question 21

This is a confirmatory test that is more expensive than the Western Blot

Answer 21

Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA)

Question 22

Tests that look for both HIV antibodies and antigens.

Answer 22

Antigen/Antibody Testing

Question 23

This refers to any HIV treatment that uses a combination of two or more drugs to keep HIV viral count low to undetectable load.

Answer 23

Antiretroviral therapy

Question 24

Involves taking anti-HIV drugs very soon after a possible exposure to HIV to prevent HIV

Answer 24

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)