Infection

Question 1

What is a Bacteria

Answer 1

Unicellular organisms that grows independently

Question 2

Virus

Answer 2

Subcellular organisms that require a host for replication

Question 3

Infection transmission

Answer 3

Causative Agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host 

Question 4

Causative agent

Answer 4

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, parasites 

Question 5

Reservoir

Answer 5

Where pathogen lives and multiplies before transmission 

Question 6

Portal of exit

Answer 6

How the causative agent exits, the reservoir, examples, body fluids, sneezing

Question 7

Mode of transmission

Answer 7

How the infectious agent moves from exit to entry 

Question 8

Portal of entry

Answer 8

How microbes enter the host can be maternal respiratory mucus

Question 9

Susceptible host

Answer 9

Person about to be infected

Question 10

Direct Transmission

Answer 10

Person to person contact. Kissing my sick boyfriend

Question 11

Indirect Transmission

Answer 11

Touching a doorknob that someone sick touched (flu)

Question 12

Airborne Transmission

Answer 12

Small particles stay in the air for long periods of time tuberculosis 

Question 13

Vector-Borne Transmission

Answer 13

Tick bite or eating fish with a parasite (Lyme disease)

Question 14

Hospital Statistics

Answer 14

1–31 people will require infections in hospitals due to overcrowding contaminated instruments, contagious diseases, and others 

Question 15

Host resistance is determined by

Answer 15

Prior immunity, a destruction of natural barriers, presents the prosthetic devices and general immune status 

Question 16

Factors that compromised immune system

Answer 16

Age, chronic disease, medication, immuno deficiency, immune compromised, genetics, malnutrition, severe stress, and inflammation 

Question 17

Universal precautions

Answer 17

Assume all blood and bodily fluid may contain transmissible pathogens use protective barriers to reduce risk and standard hospital precautions

Question 18

Treating Infection

Answer 18

Antimicrobial drainage, removal of infected devices 

Question 19

Prevention of infection

Answer 19

Basic public health, immunization, medical prophylaxis, hand hygiene, PPE, clean environments

Question 20

Development and Course of Infection

Answer 20

Incubation, prodrome, acute phase convalescence 

Question 21

Incubation

Answer 21

Active replication. Time between exposure and appearance of disease

Question 22

Prodrome

Answer 22

Start of symptoms

Question 23

Acute phase

Answer 23

Infectious disease is fully developed and strongest

Question 24

Convalescence

Answer 24

Recovery and containment. Signs subside

Question 25

How do you PTS protect themselves and patients

Answer 25

Hand hygiene. Washing before patient contact and after contact with patient skin, bodily fluids, wound dressings and after removing gloves. 

Question 26

Contact precaution

Answer 26

Prevent transmission through environment (MRSA, VRE, norovirus) we’re gowns and gloves for all interaction with patients Dan gown upon entry discard upon exit

Question 27

C-Diff Precaution

Answer 27

C-Diff occurs to exposure to antibiotics. It is prevalent in acute care. It has the same contact precautions. However, you must wash hands with soap and water, then use hand sanitizer. Must clean equipment with bleach.

Question 28

Airborne Precaution

Answer 28

Prevent transmission that remains infectious over long distances. Patient is in a negative pressure room. You must Dawn a N 95 surgical mask prior to room entry. Patient should wear a mask if you leave in the room. (TB, chicken pox)

Question 29

Droplet Precaution

Answer 29

Prevent pathogens through close contact a single patient to a room mask on patient and provider. (Flu and meningitis)

Question 30

Hand sanitizer should only be used when?

Answer 30

Hands are not visibly soiled. After washing hands in contact with c-diff patient