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OB > Infection > Flashcards

Infection Flashcards

1
Q

what are symptoms of vaginitis?

A
  • discharge
  • foul odor
  • irritation
  • itching
  • dyspareunia (pain intercourse)
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2
Q

what are the 2 kinds of vaginitis

A

bacterial vaginosis
vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast)

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3
Q

viral infection r/t change in vaginal flora, overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria and rise in pH (>4.5)

A

bacterial vaginosis

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4
Q

is bacterial vaginosis a STI?

A

no

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5
Q

s/sx of bacterial vaginosis

A
  • vaginal discharge
  • foul odor
  • presence of “clue cells”
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6
Q

what is the med treatment of bacterial vaginosis

A
  • flagyl (risky during pregnancy)
  • clindamycin
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7
Q

what are pregnancy concerns with bacterial vaginosis

A
  • can be related to lack of vit. D, inc. fat, folate, vit. A, and calcium
  • its associated with preterm labor and birth
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8
Q

what is candidiasis (vag)

A

yeast/fungal infection

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9
Q

s/sx of vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast)

A
  • itch
  • red rash
  • “cheese” like discharge
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10
Q

med treatment of vulvovag candidiasis (yeast)

A
  • diflucan (PO)
  • topical antifungal (nystatin)
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11
Q

pregnancy concerns of vulvovag candidiasis (yeast)

A
  • may cause newborn thrush
  • treat only topically in preg
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12
Q

s/sx of trichomonas (STI)

A
  • asymptomatic
  • frothy discharge
  • foul odor
  • itch
  • “strawberry spots” on cervix
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13
Q

tx of trichomonas

A
  • flagyl
  • abstinence until both are cured
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14
Q

s/sx of chlamydia

A
  • asymp in female
  • itch/burn
  • discharge
  • dull pain
  • bleeding between periods
  • cervical inflammation
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15
Q

how to diagnose chlamydia

A

culture

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16
Q

which part is commonly infected in chlamydia

A

cervix

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17
Q

what can chlamydia cause?

A

pelvic inflamm. disease (PID)
infertility

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18
Q

med tx of chlamydia?

A
  • azithromycin
  • doxycycline
  • abstinence until cured
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19
Q

preganancy concerns of chlamydia?

A
  • newborn infection
  • greater risk for tubal pregnancy (ectopic)
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20
Q

s/sx of gonorrhea?

A
  • asymp. until further complications
  • purulent drainage
  • urinary frequency
  • swelling
  • pelvic pain
  • eroded cervix
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21
Q

dx. of gonorrhea

A

culture

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22
Q

med tx. of gonorrhea?

A
  • ceftriaxin
  • azithromycin
  • abstinence
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23
Q

preg concerns of gonorrhea

A

newborn infection (erythromycin)

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24
Q

which STI is a recurring lifelong infection?

A

herpes genitalis

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25
Q

s/sx of herpes genitalis

A
  • vescicles may be present in the vag/peri area
  • pain
  • infmallation
  • flu like symptoms
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26
Q

when is herpes genitalis most severe

A

first outbreak

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27
Q

what can herpes reoccurences come from?

A
  • stress
  • menstrual
  • immune compromise
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28
Q

med tx. of herpes genitalis

A

acyclovir (safe for preg!)

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29
Q

preg concerns for herpes genitalis

A

baby infected

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30
Q

what happens if someone about to give birth has active herpes genitalis

A

c/s!!!

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31
Q

where does herpes genitalis reside?

A

nerve ganglia

32
Q

what problems can herpes cause in a newborn?

A
  • neonatal death
  • neuro probs
  • blindness
33
Q

what are primary symptoms of syphilis?

A
  • fever
  • weight loss
  • malaise
34
Q

secondary symptoms of syphilis

A
  • skin condylomata lata (plaque like)
  • arthritis
  • inflammation of liver and spleen
  • hoarseness
  • rash
35
Q

what life altering symptoms can syphilis cause?

A
  • blindness
  • psychological probs
  • death
36
Q

how is syphilis acquired?

A
  • sexual contact
  • contact with exudate
  • transplacentally
37
Q

med tx of syphilis

A
  • benzathine
  • penicillin G
38
Q

s/sx of human papilloma virus (HPV)/Condylomata

A
  • asymptomatic
  • genital warts
  • cervical dysplasia (changes in cells)
39
Q

what is HPV connected to?

A

cervical cancer

40
Q

casues of HPV

A

60 genotypes r/t HPV

41
Q

how is HPV transmitted

A

sexual contact

42
Q

treatment of HPV

A
  • podophyllin (teratogenic)
  • surgical removal
43
Q

vaccines for HPV

A
  • gardasil (strands 6,11,16,18)
  • cervarix
44
Q

who is gardasil given to, when, and why

A

9-26 year olds
HPV
boys/girls

45
Q

what is cervavix for and what is important to remember?

A

HPV, not effective against all strands

46
Q

what is a lethal, lifelong virus caused by HIV

A

AIDS

47
Q

what are common HIV transmission methods

A
  • sex
  • needles
  • fetus
  • blood
48
Q

s/sx of HIV/AIDS

A

wasting syndrome
candidiasis
HSV (herpes)

49
Q

what is screening for HIV/AIDS

A

ELISA test

50
Q

tx for HIV/AIDS

A

antiretroviral therapy

51
Q

pregnancy implications of HIV/AIDS

A
  • elective c/s BEFORE ROM
  • avoid breastfeeding
  • newborn antiviral therapy
52
Q

what is the prognosis of newborn/childhood HIV

A

poor
immunosuppression, failure to thrive, neuro probs

53
Q

prevention of HIV/AIDS

A
  • sex ed, condom use, abstinence
  • clean needle use
  • test blood products
  • treatment of newborn HIV+ mothers
54
Q

when is a perinatal infection most harmful

A

first trimester

55
Q

what can perinatal infections cause later in pregnancy?

A
  • growth restriction
  • hydrops
  • neuro probs
56
Q

what are viral and parasitic perintal agents?

A
  • toxoplasmosis
  • rubella
  • cytomegalovirus
  • GBS
  • parovirus B19
57
Q

what is the acronym for perinatal infections

A

TORCH

58
Q

TORCH meaning

(perinatal infections)

A
  • toxoplasmosis
  • other infections (GBS/parovirus B19)
  • rubella
  • cytomegalovirus
  • herpes simplex
59
Q

transmission of toxoplasmosis

A
  • ingested undercooked meat
  • contact with infected cat litter
60
Q

how can toxoplasmosis affect developing fetus

A
  • spontaneous abortion/death (1st trimester)
  • convusions/coma
  • microcephaly/hydrocephalus (fluid)
  • growth restriction
61
Q

tx of toxoplasmosis

A

spiramycin

62
Q

transmission of rubella

A

maternal/fetal

63
Q

what defects is baby at risk for in 1st trimester with rubella?

A
  • cataracts
  • deafness
  • heart defects
  • mental retardation
  • cerebral palsy
64
Q

tx/prevention of rubella

A

MMR vaccine

65
Q

trabsmission of cytomegalovirus

A

may cross placenta or through exposure during delivery

66
Q

what is the most common intrauterine infection

A

cytomegalovirus

67
Q

fetal/newborn complciations of cytomegalovirus

A
  • death
  • mental retardation
  • hearing problems
  • microcephalt/hydrocephaly
  • hemolysis
68
Q

treatment of cytomegalovirus

A

none :/

69
Q

what infection is bacteria found as part of the normal flora in some women?

A

group b strep (GBS)

70
Q

transmission of GBS

A

delivery (if not treated)

71
Q

tx of GBS

A
  • PCN or ampicillin during labor
  • if unable to treat, neonate will be treated
72
Q

maternal concerns of GBS

A

infection (chorioamnionitis, endometritis)

73
Q

newborn concerns of GBS

A
  • infection
  • still birth/death
74
Q

what infection causes fifth disease in children?

A

parovirus B19

75
Q

which infection is associated with red rash or “slapped cheek” rash

A

parovirus B19

76
Q

maternal/newborn concerns of parovirus B19

A
  • spontaneous abortion / stillbirth / neonate death
  • fetal anemia
  • hydrops (fluid)

OB (19 decks)

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