Infants and Toddlers

Question 1

UNHS

Answer 1

Universal Newborn Hearing Screening

Question 2

For a baby, what are the 2 routes to the Audiologist?

Answer 2

Universal Newborn hearing Screening

Parent Concern

Question 3

Period when child has not acquired speech or language skills

Answer 3

Prelingual

Question 4

Hearing Loss Present at Birth

Answer 4

Congenital

Question 5

Hearing Loss progressive; happens after birth

Answer 5

Acquired

Question 6

What percentage of newborns did not pass the newborn hearing screening in 2010?

Answer 6

1.7%

Question 7

Of 1,000 babies screened, what is the prevalence of hearing loss?

Answer 7

1.4 children out of 1000

Question 8

What is the most common birth defect in the United States?

Answer 8

Permanent Hearing Loss

Question 9

What are the 4 “gold standard” timeline goals of EHDI?

Answer 9

Hearing Screening by 1 MONTH old
Diagnosis by 3 MONTHS old
Amplification within 1 MONTH OF DIAGNOSIS
Intervention by 6 MONTHS old

Question 10

What is EHDI?

Answer 10

Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

Question 11

Screening is a “ _____________/_____________” procedure.

Answer 11

Pass/Refer

Pass=no concern, Refer=suspect HL

Question 12

Term for screening tests that do not require patient cooperation

Answer 12

Objective Tests

Question 13

Types of Objective Screening Tests (3)

Answer 13

Automated Auditory Brain Stem Response (ABR)
Otoacoustic Emissions Testing (DPOAE, TEOAE)
Immittance Testing (Tymp & Reflexes)

Question 14

What type of tests should be used with infants under 6 months of age?

Answer 14

Objective Tests

Question 15

At what age are behavioral tests possible?

Answer 15

6 Months Old

Question 16

Left undetected, where can hearing impairments in infants have a negative impact? (3)

Answer 16

Speech and Language Acquisition
Academic Achievement
Social and Emotional Development

Question 17

About what percentage of NBHS referred infants receive timely assessment or intervention?

Answer 17

Only 50%

Question 18

How often does acquired hearing loss occur in children by the time they begin school?

Answer 18

6 in 1,000

Question 19

About how many school-aged children experience repeated OM and intermittent HL?

Answer 19

35%

Question 20

Name 3 Behavioral Test Techniques in Hearing Assessment

Answer 20

Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA)
Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA)
Conditioned Play Audiometry (CPA)

Question 21

This type of pediatric audiometry does not record thresholds; it is just observing whether or not the child responds to sound and how

Answer 21

Behavioral Observation Audiometry

Question 22

This type of pediatric audiometry consists of a stimulus/response conditioning

Answer 22

Visual Reinforcement Audiometry

Question 23

This type of pediatric audiometry is where the child is trained to perform a task in response to a sound, using a fun activity

Answer 23

Conditioned Play Audiometry (CPA)

Question 24

At what age can we begin to use CPA?

Answer 24

24 months

Question 25

After diagnosis, the first priority of a family might often be what?

Answer 25

They want to know the cause of their child’s hearing loss (the etiology).

Question 26

After diagnosis, the first priority of the audiologist is what?

Answer 26

Determining the type and degree of hearing loss

Question 27

Term used when we have no idea as to the cause of a HL

Answer 27

Idiopathic

Question 28

Hearing Loss occurring with a collection of other, sometimes identifiable symptoms

Answer 28

Syndromic

Question 29

About how many children with HL have risk factors present at birth?

Answer 29

50%

Question 30

Newly discovered non-syndromic genetic cause of HL, no other symptoms or risk factors present

Answer 30

Connexin 26

Question 31

Main Risk Factors for Late Onset HL in young children

Answer 31

CMV Infection 
Meningitis or Mumps 
Family History 
Head Trauma 
Chemotherapy

Question 32

How many children with HL have an additional disability?

Answer 32

40%