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Aural Rehabilitation (SHS 496) > Assistive Listening Devices (ALDs, HAT) > Flashcards

Assistive Listening Devices (ALDs, HAT) Flashcards

1
Q

HAT is any ______________ (except a HA or CI) that helps a ______________ or hard of hearing person _____________________ more ________________________.

A

Device; Deaf; Communicate; Effectively

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2
Q

Name the 4 ways HAT can helps deaf or hard-of-hearing individuals communicate more effectively.

A

Direct Sound Amplification
Text
Visual Signals
Vibrotactile Signals

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3
Q

HAT is also known as

A

AT (Assistive Technology)

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4
Q

Subclass of HAT that includes technology for listening

A

ALD (Assistive Listening Devices)

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5
Q

The “amplified ear” symbol seen in many public places denotes what?

A

AT (Assistive Technology) is available.

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6
Q

HAT addresses the need for (4)

A

Effective face-to-face communication
Access to Media
Successful Telephone Communication
Awareness of Alerting Signals

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7
Q

Types of HAT (6)

A 
Personal Amplification 
Large-Area Amplification 
Telecommunication Options 
Signaling/Alerting Devices 
Computer Technology 
Speech to Text Transmission
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8
Q

The biggest difficulty faced by individuals with SNHL

A

Hearing in Noise

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9
Q

SNR

A

Signal to Noise Ratio - The similarity between the desired signal (speaker) vs. the undesired signal (background noise)

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10
Q

Four Major Factors that influence Speech Perception

A
  1. Hearing Loss
  2. Background Noise
  3. Reverberation
  4. Distance
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11
Q

The main goal of ALDs is to improve what?

How is this achieved?

A

SNR;
Amplifying Speech
Minimizing background noise and its effects
Reducing distance between listener and speaker
Reducing effects of Reverberation

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12
Q

What is the best way to reduce the effects of reverberation?

A

change rooms

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13
Q

What are the two classes of ALDs?

A

Wireless

Hard-Wired (not used much anymore)

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14
Q

What are the 4 types of wireless ALDs?

A

FM Systems
Infrared Systems
Induction Loop
Bluetooth

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15
Q

Which type of wireless ALD provides the most desirable SNR?

A

Personal FM Systems. They can be even better than digital hearing aids with directional microphones.

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16
Q

How much can a personal FM system improve SNR?

A

15-20 dB in SNR improvement

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17
Q

For every ________ dB of SNR improvement, there is ________ improvement of speech understanding.

A

1; 10%

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18
Q

4 Components of a Wireless ALD

A

Microphone
Transmitter
Receiver
Coupler

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19
Q

This component of an ALD picks up sound waves and converts them to electrical signal

A

Microphone

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20
Q

This component of an ALD sends sound via an FM carrier signal, infrared light or electromagnetic energy to the receiver

A

Transmitter

21
Q

This component of an ALD converts energy back to sound, electromagnetic energy or electrical signal

A

Receiver

22
Q

This component of an ALD receives the sound signal at or in the ear

A

Coupler

The coupler can be Hearing Aids, a Cochlear Implant, a speaker or headphones

23
Q

T/F Signal from an FM system can travel through walls.

A

True

24
Q

T/F An FM system cannot be used outdoors.

A

False

25
Q

The “T” switch on a HA does what?

A

Switches the HA over to telecoil mode.

26
Q

When is the T-Coil mode most likely used?

A

For telephone conversations

For use with ALDs

27
Q

What two advantages does “T” only mode provide?

A

No Feedback

Cuts out background noise

28
Q

A sound system or stand alone microphone delivering audio to a room-installed coil that emits a magnetic field

A

Induction Loop

29
Q

How many t-coil equipped listeners can receive the signal in an induction loop?

A

It’s Unlimited

30
Q

What is the advantage of a DAI

A

Something is plugged directly into the hearing aid, so there is less distortion.

31
Q

What is the big disadvantage of a DAI system?

A

Being tethered

32
Q

What are some applications for a Soundfield FM System?

A

Mild or Unilateral HL
Central Auditory Processing Disorder (helps focus)
Learning Disability
ADD/ADHD

33
Q

How does an FM system assist a student diagnosed with ADD/ADHD?

A

SNR improvement helps kids focus on what is being said by a teacher, etc.

34
Q

What are the two types of Soundfield FM Systems?

A 
Classroom Systems (speakers) 
Desktop Systems
35
Q

How is an FM system best set up for optimal SNR improvement?

A

Using an FM-only setting

36
Q

What should be done periodically when an FM system is in use?

A

Listening Checks

37
Q

System that uses invisible light waves to transmit sound from a transmitter connected to the sound source (TV/radio) to a receiver

A

Infrared system

38
Q

T/F IR beams can penetrate barriers

A

False. IR restricted to line-of-sight.

39
Q

T/F IR Systems can be used outdoors

A

False. IR does not work in sunlight.

40
Q

What are the advantages of an IR System?

A

No Interference

Private

41
Q

What are the disadvantages of an IR System?

A

Chin-bar receivers Awkward
Line of Sight necessary
susceptible to light interference

42
Q

Factors Influencing ALD Selection

A 
Degree of HL 
Type of HA 
Listening Environment 
Device Features 
Cost 
Portability, Flexibility, Cost 
Needs and Preference of Listener
43
Q

What are some examples of HAT that does not involve sound amplification?

A

Rear Window Captioning at Movie Theater
Speech-to-Text Transcription
Signaling Devices

44
Q

CART

A

Computer Assisted Real Time Translation

45
Q

Transcription system where a stenographic machine is connected to a computer and software converts stenographic code into English text.

A

CART (Computer Assisted Real Time Translation)

46
Q

What are the 3 types of Alerting Stimuli?

A

Visual
Auditory
Vibrotactile

47
Q

What are some examples of Signaling Devices

A 
Wake up alarms
Telephone-TTY Alerts 
Doorbell/Door Knock Alerts 
Baby Cry Signalers 
Timers
Smoke Alarms w/ strobes
Vibrating Pagers
Hearing Dogs
48
Q

Prior to selecting AT, a __________________ needs _________________ is crucial.

A

Comprehensive; Assessment

Aural Rehabilitation (SHS 496) (6 decks)

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