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Neuro > Infant Reflexes > Flashcards

Infant Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

Stimulus for the Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

A

Head position, turned to one side

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2
Q

Response of Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

A

Arm and leg on face side are extended
Arm and leg on scalp side are flexed
Spine curved with convexity toward face side

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3
Q

Normal age of response of Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

A

Birth to 6 months

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4
Q

If Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) abnormally persists

A 
Interferes with:
Feeding
Visual tracking
Midline use of hands
Bilateral hand use
Rolloing
Development of crawling
Can lead to skeletal deformities (ex. scoliosis, hip subluxation, hip dislocation)
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5
Q

Stimulus for the Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

Head position, flexion or extension

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6
Q

Response of Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

When head is in flexion, arms flexed, legs extended
When head is in extension, arms extended, legs flexed
(arms copy head movement, LE do opposite)

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7
Q

Normal age of response for Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

6-8 months

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8
Q

If Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:
Ability to prop on arms in prone position
Attaining and maintaining hand-and-knees position
Crawling reciprocally
Sitting balance when looking around
Use of hand when looking at object in hands in sitting position

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9
Q

Stimulus of Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)

A

Position of labyrinth in inner ear- reflected in head position

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10
Q

Response of Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)

A

In the supine position, body and extremities are held in extension
In the prone position, body and extremities are held in flexion

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11
Q

Normal age of response for Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)

A

birth to 6 months

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12
Q

If Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR) abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:
Ability to initiate rolling
Ability to prop on elbows with extended hips when prone
Ability to flex trunk and hips to come to sitting position from supine position
Often causes full body extension, which interferes with balance in sitting or standing

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13
Q

Stimulus for Galant Reflex

A

Touch to skin along spine from shoulder to hip

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14
Q

Response of Galant Reflex

A

Lateral flexion of trunk to side of stimulus

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15
Q

Normal age of response for Galant Reflex

A

30 wks gestation to 2 months

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16
Q

If Galant Reflex abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:
Development of sitting balance
Can lead to scoliosis

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17
Q

Stimulus for Palmar Grasp reflex

A

pressure in palm on ulnar side of the hand

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18
Q

Response of Palmar Grasp reflex

A

flexion of fingers causing strong grip

19
Q

Normal age of response for Palmar Grasp reflex

A

birth to 4 months

20
Q

If Palmar Grasp reflex abnormally pesists

A

Interferes with:

  • ability to grasp and release objects voluntarily
  • Weight bearing on open hand for propping, crawling, protective responses
21
Q

Stimulus for Plantar Grasp reflex

A

pressure to base of toes

22
Q

Response of Plantar Grasp reflex

A

toe flexion

23
Q

Normal age of response for Plantar Grasp

A

28 weeks of gestation to 9 months

24
Q

If Plantar Grasp reflex abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:

  • Ability to stand with feet flat on surface
  • Balance reactions and weight shifting in standing
25
Q

Stimulus for rooting reflex

A

touch on cheek

26
Q

Response of rooting relfex

A

turning head to same side with mouth open

27
Q

Normal age of response for rooting reflex

A

28 weeks of gestation to 3 months

28
Q

If rooting reflex abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:

  • oral-motor development
  • development of midline control of head
  • optical righting, visual tracking and social interaction
29
Q

Stimulus for moro reflex

A

head dropping into extension suddenly for a few inches

30
Q

Response of the moro reflex

A

arms abduct with fingers open, then cross trunk into adduction; cry

31
Q

Normal age of response for moro reflex

A

28 weeks of gestation to 5 months

32
Q

If moro reflex abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:

  • balance reactions in sitting
  • protective responses in sitting
  • Eye-hand coordination, visual, tracking
33
Q

Stimulus for startle reflex

A

loud, sudden noise

34
Q

response for startle reflex

A

similar to moro response, but elbows remain flexed and hands closed

35
Q

Normal age of response for startle reflex

A

28 weeks of gestation to 5 months

36
Q

If startle reflex abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:

  • sitting balance
  • protective responses in sitting
  • Eye-hand coordination, visual tracking
  • Social interaction, attention
37
Q

Stimulus for positive support reflex

A

weight placed on balls of feet when upright

38
Q

Response for positive support reflex

A

stiffening of legs and trunk into extension

39
Q

Normal age of response for positive support reflex

A

35 weeks gestation to 2 months

40
Q

If positive support reflex persists

A

Interferes with:

  • standing and walking
  • balance reactions and weight shifting in standing
  • can lead to contractures of ankles into plantar flexion
41
Q

Stimulus for walking (stepping) reflex

A

supported upright position with soles of feet on firm surface

42
Q

Response for walking (stepping) reflex

A

reciprocal flexion/extension of legs

43
Q

Normal age of response of walking/stepping reflex

A

38 weeks of gestation to 2 months

44
Q

If walking (stepping) reflex abnormally persists

A

Interferes with:

  • standing and walking
  • balance reactions and weight shifting in standing
  • development of smooth, coordinated reciprocal movements of lower extremities

Neuro (11 decks)

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