infant development WEEK 3

Question 1

what can babies from birth to 12months do?

Answer 1

basic motor skills like lifting head, rolling, sitting, standing, climbing

Question 2

what is the weight of the brain in infants compared to adults?

Answer 2

2yrs of age the brain is 75% the weight of the adult brain

Question 3

how many hours do newborns sleep?

Answer 3

16 to 17 hours

Question 4

describe a baby’s sleep

Answer 4

REM sleep: sleep where vivid dreams occur

• infants spend 1/2 of their sleep in REM and they start their sleep with REM instead of non-REM
• As they reach 3months, they spend less time in REM sleep and start their sleep cycle with non-REM
• REM sleep for babies adds self-stimulation since they spend less time awake and this can promote brain development

Question 5

define sudden infant death syndrome

Answer 5

• there is no definitive way to predict it

risks include:
- low birth weight
- previous SIDS
- Exposed to cigarettes during smoking

the rate is decreasing though in canada

Question 6

what are benefits of breastfeeding?

Answer 6

1) less infections
2) less likely to become overweight or have diabetes
3) less likely to experience SIDS

Question 7

Why breastfeed?

Answer 7

mothers who breast feed experience less breast and ovarian cancer as well as type II diabetes

Question 8

what is rooting reflex?

Answer 8

infants cheek is stroked or the side of the mouth is touched infant turns head toward that side in an apparent effort to find something to suck

Question 9

define the tonic neck reflex

Answer 9

baby assumes a fencer pose. The baby is placed on the back, they turn their head to the right and make a fist. this disappears after 2 months

Question 10

what is a newborn’s vision?

Answer 10

20/600

Question 11

what do newborns mostly interact with?

Answer 11

patterned object such as faces. they aren’t interested in colour

Question 12

when do babies experience auditory stuff?

Answer 12

during the last 2 months of pregnancy then immediately after birth. infants cannot hear soft sounds. the stimulus must be louder for the newborn to hear

Question 13

what about memory?

Answer 13

6 months can remember information for 24 hours
20 month can remember information from 12 months earlier

Question 14

define implicit and explicit memory

Answer 14

implicit - memory without conscious recollection such as skills or routine/procedures

explicit - conscious memory of facts and experiences

Question 15

what is childhood amnesia?

Answer 15

most adults can remember little from the first 3 years of life. prefrontal lobes believed to play an important role in storing memories of events are immature at that age. end of second year of life, long term memory is more substantial and reliable

Question 16

how does language develop?

Answer 16

crying, cooing, babbling, gestures

any lack of pointing is an indicator of problems in infants communication system

first words - spoken vocal exceeds spoken language
two word utterance - usually around 18-24 months

Question 17

describe the looks checklist (Nipissing district developmental screening)

Answer 17

screening tool for children birth to 6
read of development include vision, hearing, communication, motor, cognitive, social, emotional and self-help

Question 18

define Rourke baby record

Answer 18

• screening children 1 months to age 5
• developmental milestones growth and nutrition, physical examination, immunization and health promotion

Question 19

define growth charts

Answer 19

• WHO
• Canadian pediatric society

Question 20

what is child-directed speech

Answer 20

higher than normal pitch that involves the use of simple words and sentences. parents are often unaware they use this speech pattern

Question 21

define interactionist view

Answer 21

emphasizes that both biology and experience contribute to language development

Question 22

what is the primary role of nurse in development?

Answer 22

education primary and additional ones are support and advocacy