INF1 - A. RESP, URINE, SKIN, SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS-COVERED

Question 1

what does the upper respiratory tract consist of

Answer 1

nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx

Question 2

what does the lower respiratory tract consist of

Answer 2

trachea
bronchi

Question 3

what organisms does the respiratory tract consist of

Answer 3

gram -ve, gram +ve, atypical

Question 4

what is CURB-65 score

Answer 4

used for CAP
Confusion, urea nitrogen, resp rate, blood pressure, age>65
score from 0-5 which predicts 30 day mortality (higher is worse)

Question 5

lifestyle advice for pneumonia

Answer 5

rest - stay at home, avoid people contact if have high temp
drink fluids
paracetamol/ibuprofen
cover nose and mouth when cough/sneeze
used tissues in bin
wash hands regularly with soap and water
don’t lie in bed - need good air circulation to expel gunk in lungs
pneumococcal vaccine

Question 6

what is involved in an upper UTI

Answer 6

kidneys, ureters

Question 7

what is involved in a lower UTI

Answer 7

urethra, bladder

Question 8

why is a female more likely to get an upper UTI

Answer 8

shorter urethra

Question 9

what are the causative agents of a UTI

Answer 9

gram -ve and atypical
from GIT entering UT

Question 10

symptoms of upper UTI

Answer 10

flank pain
fever
shaking
n&v
(sys symptoms as has entered kidneys and is being travelled around body in blood circulation)

Question 11

symptoms of lower UTI (cystitis - inflam of bladder)

Answer 11

blood in urine
cloudy urine
increased freq urination
painful urination
lower abdomen pain
confusion in older people

Question 12

symptoms of lower UTI (urethritis)

Answer 12

burn on urination
discharge

Question 13

does everyone with a UTI need antibiotics

Answer 13

No
check using dipstick diagnostic test
paracetamol
fluids
avoid sex

Question 14

differential diagnosis of cellulitis

Answer 14

oedema caused by a venous hypertension
impetigo

Question 15

what classification is used for cellulitis

Answer 15

Eron classification