Industry Under Khrushchev Flashcards
After WW2, what happened to industrial capacity?
70% of Industrial capacity was destroyed with a severe reduction in the workforce.
What was Stalin’s alternative to US Marshall Aid?
Cominform and Comecon
What were the aims of the 4th Five year Plan (1945-50)? 3 points.
-To rebuild heavy industry
-To ‘catch up’ with the USA
-Maintenance of wartime labour controls; low wages,long hours.
What was a weakness of the 4th five year plan?
Resources were not used efficiently resulting in increased capital investments necessary.
Explain the 6th Five year plan.
Failed after 2 years however did introduce important change; 60 Moscow ministries were abolished and instead the USSR was divided into 105 economic regions.
Why was the division of the USSR into 105 economic regions beneficial for Khrushchev?
It added to his power within localities and rural areas, whilst reducing malenkov’s power in central ministries.
When was the American National Exhibition in Moscow?
July 25th- September 4th 1959
What was the American National Exhibition held in Moscow?
It was an exhibition that covered all aspects of American life, e.g. model homes, kitchens, cars and fashion.
How did the American National Exhibition benefit both countries?
It humanised both countries, easing tensions by promoting understanding between the USSR and the USA.
How many Soviets visited the American National Exhibition?
2.7 million
Name 3 measures introduced in the 7th Five year plan.
-Vast expansion of the chemicals industry
-Increased production of consumer goods
-Greater exploration of the USSR’s natural resources; natural gas,oil and coal.
How were soviet communications and technology expanded?
Many railway lines were expanded and electrified.
Air transport was expanded and long-distance travel was made cheaper for passengers.
What was the increase of the industrial output of coal?
391million tons in 1955 to 578million tons in 1965.
Why could the industrial changes be considered a failure of Khruschev’s?
It was very difficult to for the central authority to impose its will now that industrial and political networks had developed.
Khrushchev’s ambitions were far greater than his achievements. Although the gap between the USSR and the USA was narrowed, the Soviet Union was nowhere near overtaking its rival.
