Changes To Society And Culture Flashcards
How many hours a day did people work under Stalin’s rule?
12 hours a day for 6 days a week
Why were women used within the workforce-Stalin?
Due to the large number of male workers lost after WW1
Why was Boris Pasternak famous?
He was not allowed to print Dr.Zhivago due to its take on the civil war and Bolshevik rule, so he smuggled it out of the country in 1955 and printed it in Italy in 1957.
How did writers constantly test the boundaries of censorship?
Criticism of Stalin and the purges was okay, however any kind of criticism of communism was banned. Writers constantly tested this, forcing the party to judge what was acceptable or not.
Explain the impact of seeing Westerners up close on the youth of the USSR.
It was a transformative experience for the youth, and created changes in attitudes that posed a threat to the system since youths were now motivated by material ambitions.
Describe the education system under Khrushchev compared to Stalin.
The system was better and now more widely available.
Explain the inequality in healthcare and holidays.
Privileges remained in the form of healthcare and work holidays for those at a higher level of the political hierarchy.
What examples of labour saving devices became widely available and where?
Radios, televisions and refrigerators became widely available in shops, they sold out very quickly.
Describe the changes in working conditions under Khrushchev.
-Hours of work reduced with the introduction of the 40-hour working week.
-Wage equalisation campaign saw an increase in wages for the lowest paid.
What was ‘Intourist’?
A scheme established by Khrushchev that meant foreigners could visit the USSR and witness their achievements first hand.
Explain Khruschev’s changes to religion in education.
He revived the socialist campaign against Churches. Atheism was brought back into the school curriculum , with higher learning institutions delivering a mandatory course on ‘the foundations of scientific atheism’.
Explain Khrushchev’s changes to Churches.
Children were banned from churches in 1961 and parents were forbidden from teaching religion to their children. There was a mass closure of religious buildings; 22,000 in 1959 to a mere 8,000 in 1965.
What did The Party Doctrine state about ethnic minorities?
It stated that the ultimate aim was for ethnic distinctions to disappear, with a single common language to be adopted by all nations within the Soviet Union.
