Industry Flashcards
What is globalisation?
The way in which the world is becoming more interconnected and in interdependent through trade, communication and culture.
What factors affect the location of a primary industry?
4
- Must be near raw materials- especially if they’re heavy
- Must be near transport links to move heavy raw materials to factories
- May want to be near secondary industry
- Things like farming relies on climate
Why are there mainly quaternary and tertiary industries in MEDCs?
People have more free time and are wealthier so more tourism and need people to look after wealth
So increasing demand in services like education and health care and leisure services
Mechanisation means less people need to work on farms etc
They have money to invest in high tech and have skilled/ educated people to use it
What is the quaternary industry?
Involves research and development.
Uses high technology and an educated/ skilled workforce to discover/ improve a product.
Make advanced products which require a lot of money
What is the employment structure like in an LEDC?
Most people work in primary industry- mainly farming/fishing because mainly subsistence farmers
Fewer people working in manufacturing because country doesn’t have enough money to invest in machinery
Hardly any quaternary because they do not have skilled/ educated workforce or money to invest in high tech
Why are there very few primary industry jobs in MEDCs?
- Mechanisation means less people needed on farms
- Exhaustion of supply of raw materials
What is the employment structure like in NICs?
Still high number of primary jobs but increasing secondary as MNCs settle there
Increasing tertiary industry
Why are there very few primary industry jobs in MEDCs?
- Mechanisation means less people needed on farms
- Exhaustion of supply of raw materials so more imports of resources
Why is secondary industry declining in MEDCs?
- Cheaper (labour, tax ) to have factories abroad
- Automation of processes using robots
- Globalisation
Why does Brazil have a large tertiary industry?
Lots of tourism
What are the stages of development of a country?
- Traditional society - tribal in least developed countries eg. Angola, Malawi
- Preconditions for take off- LEDC
- Take off- NIC
- Drive to maturity- NIC
- High mass consumption- MEDC
What affects the location of secondary industry?
6
- Large flat land so that factories can be built to hold large amounts of products
- Near other factories - agglomeration - to share expertise
- Government incentives for cheaper tax or rent
- Should be near market so can be sold and raw materials as transport is expensive
- Near good supply of labour
- Near ports for transport or disposal of large volumes of waste
What is different about factors affecting location of footloose industries?
(4)
It is different to heavy industry because it doesn’t matter as much where it is because the products are smaller lighter
- Near airports as product is less heavy
- Near other companies to share methods
- More skilled workforce require: high tech equipment
- Government incentives
What affects location of tertiary industry?
- Near market- lots of people
- Large workforce available - educated
- Capital cities because then people know where they are so more investment = can expand
- Near other companies to share information
What affects location of quaternary industries?
- Conglomeration to share research
- Attractive location and high quality housing to appeal to workers
- Near top universities
- Near good transport
