Development Flashcards
What are the advantages of aid?
6
- Helps save lives in natural disasters by providing emergency food, shelter
- Improves/ encourages industries to develop as infrastructure improves
- Improves education by training teachers better and building schools
- Improves sanitation by having waste disposal and toilets etc
- Improves healthcare by building hospitals so people are cured of diseases
- Helps farmers to grow more crops by providing machinery/ appropriate tech
What are the disadvantages of giving aid?
- Makes the country reliant and they do not have the desire to change themselves
- May be tied aid so money goes straight back to host and they could actually end up losing money
- Aid may not receive people who need because of corrupt government
- ## They get into large debts that they cannot repay
How does your income affect your life expectancy?
Higher it is the healthier you are because:
- can afford healthcare so can be cured
- can afford more/ better food so diets are healthier so live longer
- can afford better housing with electricity which is more spacious so you are not crowded so diseases don’t spread easily
- Can afford clean water so you don’t get cholera etc
What are the some social development indicator?
- Infant mortality
- Literacy rate
- Life expectancy
- Access to clean water
What are some economic development factors?
- GDP
- Access to internet
- Inequality of wealth (gap between richest and poorest)
What is GDP?
Total value of goods and services within the country, divided by total population
What is the HDI?
Human Development Index
0(lest developed) to 1(most developed)
Combines income, literacy and life expectancy
What are some problems with GDP?
Doesn’t show variation within the country
Doesn’t account for black market money
Not everyone’s incomes accounted for
Fluctuation of Dollar- money for each country converted to dollar
Why is the Brandt line not used as much anymore?
Doesn’t show how quickly countries are developing - if they are
Fixes the countries in one place
Cost of living is not the same in all countries so a low GDP may be fine for them
Old data because China is now NIC
Only based on wealth- not always a proper indicator
What is PPP?
Gives the money a universal/ equal value after cost of living is taken into account
What is a problem with HDI?
Same as GDP but not specific to money
What are the stages of development of a country?
- Traditional Society: tribes eg. Amazon rainforest
- Preconditions for take off
- Take off
- Drive to maturity
- High mass consumption
What are the causes of the development gap?
Corrupt governments do not use money to improve infrastructure etc
War
Lack of natural resources so can’t create industry with it or attract foreign companies here for investment
Frequent natural hazards mean government has to spend lots of money to deal with this and not enough left to improve education/ industry
In LEDCs people have small savings ie less money in banks so less money can be loaned out to businesses to create jobs
The healthier the people are….
…the more people there are available to work and the less money that needs investing in hospitals
If women have equal rights in the country….
…there will be more women educated therefore more working and adding to economy
