industrialism + immigration Flashcards
name reasons why the u.s was considered “ripe” for industrializing during the years 1870 - 1915
immigrants/ natural resources (iron/coal)/ rise of businesses
how did railroads impact industries and the growth of the west
railroads transported good faster and easier
what is steel made out of
coal + iron ore
why was the production of steel important
steel was used a lot for many things, no other metal but steel was strong enough to build cities
explain mass production
the industrial technique to produce large quantities of similar products in constant flows on production lines.
explain mp=sad
m(mass) p(production) = s(standard parts) a(assembly line) d(division of labor)
what are standard parts
when parts to an object are very similar
what is an assembly line
most important step in mass production, the assembly line combines one a large scale the use of standard parts and the limiting of each worker to a single task
what is division of labor
when people have one specific job and they do it all day every day so they become good at it and products are produced faster
describe old immigrants
old immigrants came from western and northern europe, great britain, germany and ireland/ they were skilled workers and many could read and write (literate)/ more common for old immigrants to speak english
describe new immigrants
new immigrants came from southern and eastern europe, italy, russia and greece/ many were illiterate and were unskilled/ less common for old immigrants to speak english
what is a push factor
conditions that cause people to LEAVE their home country
what is a pull factor
conditions that attract people to move to your country
give examples of push factors
religious persecution, war, forced military service, bad jobs, forced marriages
give examples of pull factors,
opportunity to own land, better jobs, freedom, money
what types of problems did immigrants face when they came to america
nativism (hated on), hard to make it to the u.s., separated from their family, bad living conditions
american federation of labor def.
invited only skilled laborers to be members; by 1904 it represented the interest of 1.5 million workers
collective bargaining def.
when employees and the employer come to an agreenment regarding rights and duties of people at work
what was the haymarket riot
chicago labor strike of 1886 in support of an 8 hour workday; erupted in violence that resulted in deaths of many
what was the homestead strike
protest at carnegie steel plant in homestead, pennsylvania resulting in the deaths of 16 people
describe knights of labor
labor union that included both skilled and unskilled laborers
labor unions def.
an organized group of workers who unite to make decisions about conditions affecting their work.
what were the 2 early labor unions
American Federation of Labor (AFL) - samuel gompers/ Knights of Labor (KOL) - terrance powderly
steerage def.
area below a ships deck where new immigrants traveled
ellis island def.
the busiest immigration processing center on the east coast
angel island def.
where many chinese immigrants entered the united states
what are sweatshops
workplaces with long hours and unhealthy working conditions
nativists def.
americans who feared too many new immigrants were being allowed into the country, didn’t like them
who was rich/famous because of steel
andrew carnegie
who was rich/famous because of oil
john d. rockefeller
who was rich/famous because of railroads
cornelius vanderbilt
trust def.
Trusts are the organization of several businesses in the same industry and by joining forces, the trust controls production and distribution of a product or service, thereby limiting competition.
monopoly def.
when one company and its product dominate an entire industry, there is little to no competition, and consumers must purchase specific goods or services from the one company.
corporations def.
a legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners
what was the bessemer process
helped increase u.s. steel production by reducing the amount of time it took to transform iron ore into steel
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