Industrialism And Society

Question 0

What was life outside the factory like for a factory worker?

Answer 0

They lived in awful apartments with no ventilation, water supply, and no windows which were barely furnished. Also there was illness and injury everywhere with contaminated water

Question 1

What were the conditions in the factories?

Answer 1

They were full of pollution and toxic exposure with strict rules, long hours, low pay, dangerous machinery and more

Question 2

What is an assembly line?

Answer 2

A system used in factories which each person is given a specific task which they must do repetitively and then put the products on a conveyer belt.

Question 3

What were Marx’s steps toward communism?

Answer 3

He believed that the “class struggle” pushed history forward and that capitalism was a temporary phase. Eventually the proletariat class, being the true productive class, would seize control of the gov from the bourgeoisie and would then build a communist society in which class distinction would vanish.

Question 4

What/who was the proletariat?

Answer 4

The working(true productive) class

Question 5

What/who were the bourgeoisie?

Answer 5

The middle classs

Question 6

What were the pros and cons of communism in the 1800s?

Answer 6

Pros: garunteed safe life, equality
Cons: no motivation to work, trade with non communist governments would be an issue

Question 7

What were the pros and cobs of capitalism in the 1800s?

Answer 7

Pros: competition/motivation, more opportunity to succeed
Cons: no garuntees, bad factory conditions/monopolies, abuse of power

Question 8

What is collective bargaining?

Answer 8

Negation between representatives of labor or management to reach written agreements on working conditions

Question 9

What is a corporation?

Answer 9

A company in which investors share ownership in the bussiness through shares of stock

Question 10

Define stock

Answer 10

A share in a company or bussiness usually bought

Question 11

What are dividends?

Answer 11

Portions of profits from the bussiness divided evenly amongst investors

Question 12

What were the risks of individually owned businesses vs corporations?

Answer 12

Individually owned businesses, while being able to make more profit occasionally, have the risk of full liability while corps have limited liability

Question 13

What is a rebate?

Answer 13

An amount of money refunded to a customer in return for doing exclusive bussiness with that bussiness.

Question 14

What is vertical integration?

Answer 14

Purchasing companies at all levels of production

Question 15

What is horizontal integration?

Answer 15

Purchasing multiple companies in a single step of production

Question 16

What is a monopoly?

Answer 16

A single bussiness which has eliminated competing bussinesses

Question 17

What were Pools?

Answer 17

When railroads would share business, set rates, and divide the profit to earn more money

Question 18

What did the supreme court do when states began to regulate railroad rates?

Answer 18

Ruled all those laws unconstitutional because they violated federal control of interstate commerce

Question 19

What did the interstate commerce act of 1887 do and say?

Answer 19

It said rates of railroads must be “ reasonable and just”, outlawed rebates and pools,and established a corrupt interstate commerce comission

Question 20

What were trusts?

Answer 20

When a single board of trustees controlled a small group of corporations producing similar products

Question 21

What is social darwinism?

Answer 21

The idea of: Survival of the fittest in the the business society

Question 22

What is laissez-faire economics?

Answer 22

The idea that businesses should be free from government regulation

Question 23

What was the Sherman Anti-trust act? What were the problems with it?

Answer 23

It said that any bussiness combination including trusts operating in “restraint of trade” was illegal. It caused problems because it was vague, used against unions, and led to businesses forming “holding companies”

Question 24

What is a holding company?

Answer 24

A company that holds majority stock in multiple companies in order to control them.

Question 25

What methods did workers use to improve their rights? Give examples

Answer 25

They..

• striked- homestead, pullman
• boycotted
• participated in collective bargaining

Question 26

What challenges did immigrants face when they came to the us?

Answer 26

They didnt have money, jobs, places to live, endured nativism abd segregation such as tge chinese exclusion act, and they didnt understand english.

Question 27

What did the populist party try to do to help farmers stuck in a debt cycle?

Answer 27

They supported bimetallism/free silver

Question 28

What was the result of the triangle shirtwaist factory fire!

Answer 28

Public outrage at factory working conditions